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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | Au cours de la décennie écoulée, la Turquie a connu un processus de rattrapage rapide induit par une amélioration du cadre de la politique macroéconomique, une ouverture croissante aux échanges et aux investissements internationaux et l’esprit d’entreprise remarquable des chefs d’entreprise turcs. Pourtant, l’environnement des entreprises était défavorable, avec une réglementation restrictive des marchés des produits et du travail, mais l’économie semi-formelle ou informelle a largement contribué à l’expansion du secteur privé. La productivité a fortement progressé, mais l’utilisation de main-d’oeuvre est restée très faible, ce qui a eu des conséquences négatives pour la cohésion sociale et la croissance. Au cours de la période à venir, il ne sera pas possible d’accroître l’emploi et d’obtenir des gains de productivité plus importants sans procéder à de profondes réformes de la réglementation. Celles-ci devront principalement viser le marché du travail, où il faudra abaisser le salaire minimum, en le modulant éventuellement selon les régions, réduire les indemnités de licenciement et les cotisations sociales et mettre en place des formes de contrats d’emploi plus flexibles. Ces réformes sont à l’étude depuis longtemps, mais des obstacles politiques ont empêché leur mise en oeuvre. Pour sortir de cette impasse, il faut promouvoir une stratégie intégrée de réformes du travail et de transition vers l’économie formelle en expérimentant de nouvelles réglementations à caractère volontaire afin d’identifier les solutions les plus efficaces susceptibles d’être étendues ensuite à l’ensemble de l’économie. En outre, la Turquie doit assouplir davantage les réglementations des marchés de produits qui entravent la concurrence, en abaissant les obstacles à l’entrepreneuriat et à l’investissement direct étranger et en réduisant la présence de l’État dans le secteur des entreprises. La réalisation de ces réformes permettrait à la Turquie de connaître la prospérité au cours des prochaines décennies. |
| Page Count | 38 |
| Starting Page | 121 |
| Ending Page | 158 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2011-10-20 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Economics |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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