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| Content Provider | OECD iLibrary |
|---|---|
| Organization | OECD |
| Abstract | Après plusieurs années d’expansion économique rapide sans guère de tensions inflationnistes, la performance de l’économie néerlandaise s’est nettement dégradée depuis le début de l’année 2000. La croissance du PIB réel ne devrait être que d’environ 1½ pour cent en 2001, alors qu’elle était en moyenne proche de 4 pour cent sur la période 1997-2000. Le ralentissement de l’activité semble essentiellement imputable à des facteurs extérieurs, comme c’est habituellement le cas aux Pays-Bas. Mais sa rapide aggravation au début de 2001 donne à penser que le brusque fléchissement de la conjoncture aux États-Unis et l’effondrement des marchés boursiers mondiaux pourraient avoir directement affecté l’économie néerlandaise en ébranlant la confiance des ménages et des entreprises. Ces effets négatifs ont plus que compensé l’impact de la vaste réforme de l’impôt sur le revenu adoptée au début de l’année, qui a réduit le rôle des impôts directs au profit de celui des impôts indirects et donné un coup de fouet exceptionnel au revenu disponible. Mesurée par l’indice des prix à la consommation harmonisé (IPCH), l’inflation a commencé à s’élever rapidement en 2000 et s’est encore accélérée au début de 2001 du fait du relèvement du taux de la TVA et des écotaxes dans le cadre de la réforme fiscale. La hausse de l’IPCH semble avoir passé son point haut pour commencer à se ralentir, mais, à 5.0 pour cent (en glissement annuel) en octobre 2001, elle était encore l’une des plus fortes de la zone euro, et elle était également très élevée pour les Pays-Bas. L’inflation sous-jacente (non compris les produits alimentaires, l’énergie, les prélèvements de l’État et les impôts indirects) a augmenté moins fortement mais a néanmoins suivi une tendance ascendante pour atteindre près de 4 pour cent dans le courant de 2001, sous l’effet de la rapide augmentation des coûts de main-d’œuvre. |
| Page Count | 28 |
| Starting Page | 9 |
| Ending Page | 22 |
| Language | French |
| Publisher | OECD Publishing |
| Publisher Date | 2002-03-28 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Economics |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Chapter |
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