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Fast Eating Is Associated with Increased BMI among High-School Students
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Fagerberg, Petter Charmandari, Evangelia Diou, Christos Heimeier, Rachel Karavidopoulou, Youla Kassari, Penio Koukoula, Evangelia Lekka, Irini Maglaveras, Nicos Maramis, Christos Pagkalos, Ioannis Papapanagiotou, Vasileios Riviou, Katerina Sarafis, Ioannis Tragomalou, Athanasia Ioakimidis, Ioannis |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Abstract | Fast self-reported eating rate (SRER) has been associated with increased adiposity in children and adults. No studies have been conducted among high-school students, and SRER has not been validated vs. objective eating rate (OBER) in such populations. The objectives were to investigate (among high-school student populations) the association between OBER and BMI z-scores (BMIz), the validity of SRER vs. OBER, and potential differences in BMIz between SRER categories. Three studies were conducted. Study 1 included 116 Swedish students (mean ± SD age: 16.5 ± 0.8, 59% females) who were eating school lunch. Food intake and meal duration were objectively recorded, and OBER was calculated. Additionally, students provided SRER. Study 2 included students (n = 50, mean ± SD age: 16.7 ± 0.6, 58% females) from Study 1 who ate another objectively recorded school lunch. Study 3 included 1832 high-school students (mean ± SD age: 15.8 ± 0.9, 51% females) from Sweden (n = 748) and Greece (n = 1084) who provided SRER. In Study 1, students with BMIz ≥ 0 had faster OBER vs. students with BMIz < 0 (mean difference: +7.7 g/min or +27%, p = 0.012), while students with fast SRER had higher OBER vs. students with slow SRER (mean difference: +13.7 g/min or +56%, p = 0.001). However, there was “minimal” agreement between SRER and OBER categories (κ = 0.31, p < 0.001). In Study 2, OBER during lunch 1 had a “large” correlation with OBER during lunch 2 (r = 0.75, p < 0.001). In Study 3, fast SRER students had higher BMIz vs. slow SRER students (mean difference: 0.37, p < 0.001). Similar observations were found among both Swedish and Greek students. For the first time in high-school students, we confirm the association between fast eating and increased adiposity. Our validation analysis suggests that SRER could be used as a proxy for OBER in studies with large sample sizes on a group level. With smaller samples, OBER should be used instead. To assess eating rate on an individual level, OBER can be used while SRER should be avoided. |
| Starting Page | 880 |
| e-ISSN | 20726643 |
| DOI | 10.3390/nu13030880 |
| Journal | Nutrients |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| Volume Number | 13 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-03-09 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Nutrients Pediatrics and Child Health Eating Rate Obesity Eating Quickly Fast Eating Eating Speed Objective Measures Self-reported Validation High-school Students Adolescents |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
