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Synthesis and Characterization of $Cu_{2}ZnSnS_{4}$ Thin Films Obtained by Combined Magnetron Sputtering and Pulsed Laser Deposition
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Zaki, Mohamed-Yassine Sava, Florinel Buruiana, Angel-Theodor Simandan, Iosif-Daniel Becherescu, Nicu Galca, Aurelian-Catalin Mihai, Claudia Velea, Alin |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | $Cu_{2}ZnSnS_{4}$ (CZTS) is a complex quaternary material, and obtaining a single-phase CZTS with no secondary phases is known to be challenging and dependent on the production technique. This work involves the synthesis and characterization of CZTS absorber layers for solar cells. Thin films were deposited on Si and glass substrates by a combined magnetron sputtering (MS) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) hybrid system, followed by annealing without and with sulfur powder at 500 °C under argon (Ar) flow. Three different $Cu_{2}$S, $SnS_{2}$, and ZnS targets were used each time, employing a different target for PLD and the two others for MS. The effect of the different target arrangements and the role of annealing and/or sulfurization treatment were investigated. The characterization of the absorber films was performed by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), X-ray reflectometry (XRR), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and regular transmission spectroscopy. The film with ZnS deposited by PLD and $SnS_{2}$ and $Cu_{2}$S by MS was found to be the best for obtaining a single CZTS phase, with uniform surface morphology, a nearly stoichiometric composition, and an optimal band gap of 1.40 eV. These results show that a new method that combines the advantages of both MS and PLD techniques was successfully used to obtain single-phase $Cu_{2}ZnSnS_{4}$ films for solar cell applications. |
| Starting Page | 2403 |
| e-ISSN | 20794991 |
| DOI | 10.3390/nano11092403 |
| Journal | Nanomaterials |
| Issue Number | 9 |
| Volume Number | 11 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-09-15 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Nanomaterials Spectroscopy Czts Pld Magnetron Sputtering Hybrid System Solar Cells |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
