NDLI: A Changing Paradigm in Heart Transplantation: An Integrative Approach for Invasive and Non-Invasive Allograft Rejection Monitoring

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A Changing Paradigm in Heart Transplantation: An Integrative Approach for Invasive and Non-Invasive Allograft Rejection Monitoring

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Giarraputo, Alessia Barison, Ilaria Fedrigo, Marny Burrello, Jacopo Castellani, Chiara Tona, Francesco Bottio, Tomaso Gerosa, Gino Barile, Lucio Angelini, Annalisa
Copyright Year	2021
Description	Cardiac allograft rejection following heart transplantation is challenging to diagnose. Tissue biopsies are the gold standard in monitoring the different types of rejection. The last decade has seen an increased emphasis on identifying non-invasive methods to improve rejection diagnosis and overcome tissue biopsy invasiveness. Liquid biopsy, as an efficient non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic oncological monitoring tool, seems to be applicable in heart transplant follow-ups. Moreover, molecular techniques applied on blood can be translated to tissue samples to provide novel perspectives on tissue and reveal new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art of the new methodologies in cardiac allograft rejection monitoring and investigate the future perspectives on invasive and non-invasive rejection biomarkers identification. We reviewed literature from the most used scientific databases, such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. We extracted 192 papers and, after a selection and exclusion process, we included in the review 81 papers. The described limitations notwithstanding, this review show how molecular biology techniques and omics science could be deployed complementarily to the histopathological rejection diagnosis on tissue biopsies, thus representing an integrated approach for heart transplant patients monitoring.
Starting Page	201
e-ISSN	2218273X
DOI	10.3390/biom11020201
Journal	Biomolecules
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	11
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2021-02-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Biomolecules Transplantation Liquid Biopsy Tissue Biopsy Embs Cardiac Rejection Monitoring Biomarkers Heart Transplant Microrna Mrna Gene Expression Profiling Exosomes
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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