NDLI: MIMO-SAR Interferometric Measurements for Structural Monitoring: Accuracy and Limitations

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MIMO-SAR Interferometric Measurements for Structural Monitoring: Accuracy and Limitations

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	David, Salido-Monzú Baumann-Ouyang, Andreas Butt, Jemil Avers Wieser, Andreas
Copyright Year	2021
Description	Terrestrial Radar Interferometry (TRI) is a measurement technique capable of measuring displacements with high temporal resolution at high accuracy. Current implementations of TRI use large and/or movable antennas for generating two-dimensional displacement maps. Multiple Input Multiple Output Synthetic Aperture Radar (MIMO-SAR) systems are an emerging alternative. As they have no moving parts, they are more easily deployable and cost-effective. These features suggest the potential usage of MIMO-SAR interferometry for structural health monitoring (SHM) supplementing classical geodetic and mechanical measurement systems. The effects impacting the performance of MIMO-SAR systems are, however, not yet sufficiently well understood for practical applications. In this paper, we present an experimental investigation of a MIMO-SAR system originally devised for automotive sensing, and assess its capabilities for deformation monitoring. The acquisitions generated for these investigations feature a 180 $\circ$ Field-of-View (FOV), distances of up to 60 m and a temporal sampling rate of up to 400 Hz. Experiments include static and dynamic setups carried out in a lab-environment and under more challenging meteorological conditions featuring sunshine, fog, and cloud-cover. The experiments highlight the capabilities and limitations of the radar, while allowing quantification of the measurement uncertainties, whose sources and impacts we discuss. We demonstrate that, under sufficiently stable meteorological conditions with humidity variations smaller than 1%, displacements as low as 25 μm can be detected reliably. Detecting displacements occurring over longer time frames is limited by the uncertainty induced by changes in the refractive index.
Starting Page	4290
e-ISSN	20724292
DOI	10.3390/rs13214290
Journal	Remote Sensing
Issue Number	21
Volume Number	13
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2021-10-25
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Remote Sensing Imaging Science Mimo-sar Interferometery Fmcw Radar Displacement Measurement Multiple Targets W-band Structural Health Monitoring
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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