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Rice Straw as a Natural Sorbent in a Filter System as an Approach to Bioremediate Diesel Pollution
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Taufik, Siti Hajar Ahmad, Siti Aqlima Zakaria, Nur Nadhirah Shaharuddin, Noor Azmi Azmi, Alyza Azzura Khalid, Farah Eryssa Merican, Faradina Convey, Peter Zulkharnain, Azham Khalil, Khalilah Abdul |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | Rice straw, an agricultural waste product generated in huge quantities worldwide, is utilized to remediate diesel pollution as it possesses excellent characteristics as a natural sorbent. This study aimed to optimize factors that significantly influence the sorption capacity and the efficiency of oil absorption from diesel-polluted seawater by rice straw (RS). Spectroscopic analysis by attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy and surface morphology characterization by variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) were carried out in order to understand the sorbent capability. Optimization of the factors of temperature pre-treatment of RS (90, 100, 110, 120, 130 or 140 °C), time of heating (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 or 70 min), packing density (0.08, 0.10, 0.12, 0.14 or 0.16 g $cm^{−3}$) and oil concentration (5, 10, 15, 20 or 25% (v/v)) was carried out using the conventional one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach. To eliminate any non-significant factors, a Plackett–Burman design (PBD) in the response surface methodology (RSM) was used. A central composite design (CCD) was used to identify the presence of significant interactions between factors. The quadratic model produced provided a very good fit to the data $(R^{2}$ = 0.9652). The optimized conditions generated from the CCD were 120 °C, 10 min, 0.148 g $cm^{−3}$ and 25% (v/v), and these conditions enhanced oil sorption capacity from 19.6 (OFAT) to 26 mL of diesel oil, a finding verified experimentally. This study provides an improved understanding of the use of a natural sorbent as an approach to remediate diesel pollution. |
| Starting Page | 3317 |
| e-ISSN | 20734441 |
| DOI | 10.3390/w13233317 |
| Journal | Water |
| Issue Number | 23 |
| Volume Number | 13 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-11-23 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Water Paper and Wood Rice Straw Sorption Capacity Oil Absorption Efficiency Morphology Spectroscopic Analysis One-factor-at-a-time (ofat) Response Surface Methodology (rsm) |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
