NDLI: Genetic Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLVs) Circulating in Naturally Infected Sheep in Central Italy

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Genetic Characterization of Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLVs) Circulating in Naturally Infected Sheep in Central Italy

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Arcangeli, Chiara Torricelli, Martina Sebastiani, Carla Lucarelli, Daniele Ciullo, Marcella Passamonti, Fabrizio Giammarioli, Monica Biagetti, Massimo
Copyright Year	2022
Description	Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) represent a very heterogeneous group of ss-RNA viruses that infect sheep and goats worldwide. They cause important, deleterious effects on animal production and limit the animal trade. SRLVs show a high genetic variability due to high mutation rate and frequent recombination events. Indeed, five genotypes (A–E) and several subtypes have been detected. The aim of this work was to genetically characterize SRLVs circulating in central Italy. On this basis, a phylogenetic study on the gag-pol genetic region of 133 sheep, collected from 19 naturally infected flocks, was conducted. In addition, to evaluate the frequency of mutation and the selective pressure on this region, a WebLogo 3 analysis was performed, and the dN/dS ratio was computed. The results showed that 26 samples out of 133 were clustered in genotype A and 106 samples belonged to genotype B, as follows: A9 (n = 8), A11 (n = 10), A24 (n = 7), B1 (n = 2), B2 (n = 59), and B3 (n = 45). No recombination events were found. Mutations were localized mainly in the VR-2 region, and the dN/dS ratio of 0.028 indicated the existence of purifying selection. Since the genetic diversity of SRLVs could make serological identification difficult, it is important to perform molecular characterization to ensure a more reliable diagnosis, to maintain flock health status, and for the application of local and national control programs.
Starting Page	686
e-ISSN	19994915
DOI	10.3390/v14040686
Journal	Viruses
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	14
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2022-03-25
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Viruses Virology Small Ruminant Lentivirus (srlv) Phylogenetic Analysis Sheep Genotypes Pairwise Distance Weblogo Analysis Dn/ds Ratio
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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