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Building Outline Extraction Directly Using the $U^{2}$-Net Semantic Segmentation Model from High-Resolution Aerial Images and a Comparison Study
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Wei, Xinchun Li, Xing Liu, Wei Zhang, Lianpeng Cheng, Dayu Ji, Hanyu Zhang, Wenzheng Yuan, Kai |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | Deep learning techniques have greatly improved the efficiency and accuracy of building extraction using remote sensing images. However, high-quality building outline extraction results that can be applied to the field of surveying and mapping remain a significant challenge. In practice, most building extraction tasks are manually executed. Therefore, an automated procedure of a building outline with a precise position is required. In this study, we directly used the $U^{2}$-net semantic segmentation model to extract the building outline. The extraction results showed that the $U^{2}$-net model can provide the building outline with better accuracy and a more precise position than other models based on comparisons with semantic segmentation models (Segnet, U-Net, and FCN) and edge detection models (RCF, HED, and DexiNed) applied for two datasets (Nanjing and Wuhan University (WHU)). We also modified the binary cross-entropy loss function in the $U^{2}$-net model into a multiclass cross-entropy loss function to directly generate the binary map with the building outline and background. We achieved a further refined outline of the building, thus showing that with the modified $U^{2}$-net model, it is not necessary to use non-maximum suppression as a post-processing step, as in the other edge detection models, to refine the edge map. Moreover, the modified model is less affected by the sample imbalance problem. Finally, we created an image-to-image program to further validate the modified $U^{2}$-net semantic segmentation model for building outline extraction. |
| Starting Page | 3187 |
| e-ISSN | 20724292 |
| DOI | 10.3390/rs13163187 |
| Journal | Remote Sensing |
| Issue Number | 16 |
| Volume Number | 13 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-08-12 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Remote Sensing Building Edge Extraction High Resolution Image Semantic Segmentation Edge Detection Deep Learning |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
