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Free d-Amino Acids in Salivary Gland in Rat
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Yoshikawa, Masanobu Kan, Takugi Shirose, Kosuke Watanabe, Mariko Matsuda, Mitsumasa Ito, Kenji Kawaguchi, Mitsuru |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Description | Free d-amino acids, which are enantiomers of l-amino acids, are found in mammals, including humans, and play an important role in a range of physiological functions in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Several d-amino acids have been observed in saliva, but their origin and the enzymes involved in their metabolism and catabolism remain to be clarified. In the present study, large amounts of d-aspartic acid and small amounts of d-serine and d-alanine were detected in all three major salivary glands in rat. No other d-enantiomers were detected. Protein expression of d-amino acid oxidase and d-aspartate oxidase, the enzymes responsible for the oxidative deamination of neutral and dicarboxylic d-amino acids, respectively, were detected in all three types of salivary gland. Furthermore, protein expression of the d-serine metabolic enzyme, serine racemase, in parotid glands amounted to approximately 40% of that observed in the cerebral cortex. The N-methyl-d-aspartic acid subunit proteins NR1 and NR2D were detected in all three major salivary glands. The results of the present study suggest that d-amino acids play a physiological role in a range of endocrine and exocrine function in salivary glands. |
| Starting Page | 390 |
| e-ISSN | 20797737 |
| DOI | 10.3390/biology11030390 |
| Journal | Biology |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| Volume Number | 11 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-03-02 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Biology D-amino Acid Salivary Gland Nmda Receptor Serine Racemase D-amino Acid Oxidase D-aspartate Oxidase |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
