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Insight into a Nitrogen-Doping Mechanism in a Hard-Carbon-Microsphere Anode Material for the Long-Term Cycling of Potassium-Ion Batteries
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Chen, Changdong Zhao, Kai La, Ming Yang, Chenghao |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Description | To investigate the alternatives to lithium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries have attracted considerable interest due to the cost-efficiency of potassium resources and the relatively lower standard redox potential of $K^{+}$/K. Among various alternative anode materials, hard carbon has the advantages of extensive resources, low cost, and environmental protection. In the present study, we synthesize a nitrogen-doping hard-carbon-microsphere (N-SHC) material as an anode for potassium-ion batteries. N-SHC delivers a high reversible capacity of 248 mAh $g^{−1}$ and a promoted rate performance (93 mAh $g^{−1}$ at 2 A $g^{−1}$). Additionally, the nitrogen-doping N-SHC material also exhibits superior cycling long-term stability, where the N-SHC electrode maintains a high reversible capacity at 200 mAh $g^{−1}$ with a capacity retention of 81% after 600 cycles. DFT calculations assess the change in K ions’ absorption energy and diffusion barriers at different N-doping effects. Compared with an original hard-carbon material, pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N defects introduced by N-doping display a positive effect on both K ions’ absorption and diffusion. |
| Starting Page | 4249 |
| e-ISSN | 19961944 |
| DOI | 10.3390/ma15124249 |
| Journal | Materials |
| Issue Number | 12 |
| Volume Number | 15 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-06-15 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Materials Environmental Engineering Potassium-ion Batteries Hard-carbon Microspheres Nitrogen-doping Energy Storage Mechanisms |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
