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Experimental Hut Trials Reveal That CYP6P9a/b P450 Alleles Are Reducing the Efficacy of Pyrethroid-Only Olyset Net against the Malaria Vector Anopheles funestus but PBO-Based Olyset Plus Net Remains Effective
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Menze, Benjamin D. Mugenzi, Leon M. J. Tchouakui, Magellan Wondji, Murielle J. Tchoupo, Micareme Wondji, Charles S. |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Description | Malaria remains a major public health concern in Africa. Metabolic resistance in major malaria vectors such as An. funestus is jeopardizing the effectiveness of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to control malaria. Here, we used experimental hut trials (EHTs) to investigate the impact of cytochrome P450-based resistance on the efficacy of PBO-based net (Olyset Plus) compared to a permethrin-only net (Olyset), revealing a greater loss of efficacy for the latter. EHT performed with progenies of F5 crossing between the An. funestus pyrethroid-resistant strain FUMOZ and the pyrethroid-susceptible strain FANG revealed that PBO-based nets (Olyset Plus) induced a significantly higher mortality rate (99.1%) than pyrethroid-only nets (Olyset) (56.7%) (p < 0.0001). The blood-feeding rate was higher in Olyset compared to Olyset Plus (11.6% vs. 5.6%; p = 0.013). Genotyping the CYP6P9a/b and the intergenic 6.5 kb structural variant (SV) resistance alleles showed that, for both nets, homozygote-resistant mosquitoes have a greater ability to blood-feed than the susceptible mosquitoes. Homozygote-resistant genotypes significantly survived more with Olyset after cone assays (e.g., CYP6P9a OR = 34.6; p < 0.0001) than homozygote-susceptible mosquitoes. A similar but lower correlation was seen with Olyset Plus (OR = 6.4; p < 0.001). Genotyping EHT samples confirmed that CYP6P9a/b and 6.5 kb_SV homozygote-resistant mosquitoes survive and blood-feed significantly better than homozygote-susceptible mosquitoes when exposed to Olyset. Our findings highlight the negative impact of P450-based resistance on pyrethroid-only nets, further supporting that PBO nets, such as Olyset Plus, are a better solution in areas of P450-mediated resistance to pyrethroids. |
| Starting Page | 638 |
| e-ISSN | 20760817 |
| DOI | 10.3390/pathogens11060638 |
| Journal | Pathogens |
| Issue Number | 6 |
| Volume Number | 11 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-06-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Pathogens Tropical Medicine Malaria Long-lasting Insecticidal Nets Insecticide Resistance Metabolic Resistance Cytochrome P450 Anopheles Funestus |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
