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Caffeine Consumption Habits of New Zealand Tertiary Students
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Stachyshyn, Saskia Ali, Ajmol Wham, Carol Knightbridge-Eager, Tayla Rutherfurd-Markwick, Kay |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | Adverse effects associated with excessive caffeine consumption combined with increasing numbers and availability of caffeine-containing products are causes for concern. Tertiary students may be at increased risk of consuming excessive amounts of caffeine due to seeking caffeinated products with well-known wakefulness effects and cognitive benefits. This study explored caffeine consumption habits of New Zealand tertiary students (317; ≥16-years) using a previously validated caffeine consumption habits (CaffCo) questionnaire. Most (99.1%) regularly consumed caffeinated products, especially chocolate, coffee and tea, with coffee, tea and energy drinks contributing most to total caffeine intake. Median estimated caffeine intake was 146.73 mg·day−1, or 2.25 mg·kgbw−1·day−1. Maximum and minimum intakes were 1988.14 mg·day−1 (23.51 mg·kgbw−1·day−1) and 0.07 mg·day−1 (0.02 mg·kgbw−1·day−1), respectively. One-third (34.4%) of caffeine consumers ingested caffeine above the adverse effect level (3 mg·kgbw−1·day−1) and 14.3% above the safe limit (400 mg·day−1). Most caffeine consumers (84.7%), reported experiencing at least one ‘adverse symptom’ post-caffeine consumption, of which 25.7% reported effects leading to distress or negatively impacting their life. Experiencing ‘adverse symptoms’ did not, however, curtail consumption in the majority of symptomatic participants (~77%). Public health initiatives directed at tertiary students may be important to reduce potential caffeine-related harm. |
| Starting Page | 1493 |
| e-ISSN | 20726643 |
| DOI | 10.3390/nu13051493 |
| Journal | Nutrients |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Volume Number | 13 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-04-28 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Nutrients Side Effects Safe Limit Coffee Energy Drink Ready To Drink Tea |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
