NDLI: Mixed Cation Halide Perovskite under Environmental and Physical Stress

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Mixed Cation Halide Perovskite under Environmental and Physical Stress

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Larciprete, Rosanna Agresti, Antonio Pescetelli, Sara Pazniak, Hanna Liedl, Andrea Lacovig, Paolo Lizzit, Daniel Tosi, Ezequiel Lizzit, Silvano Carlo, Aldo Di
Copyright Year	2021
Abstract	Despite the ideal performance demonstrated by mixed perovskite materials when used as active layers in photovoltaic devices, the factor which still hampers their use in real life remains the poor stability of their physico-chemical and functional properties when submitted to prolonged permanence in atmosphere, exposure to light and/or to moderately high temperature. We used high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy to compare the chemical state of triple cation, double halide Cs $_{x}$ (FA $_{0.83}$ MA $_{0.17}$ ) $_{(1 - x)}$ Pb(I $_{0.83}$ Br $_{0.17}$ ) $_{3}$ perovskite thin films being freshly deposited or kept for one month in the dark or in the light in environmental conditions. Important deviations from the nominal composition were found in the samples aged in the dark, which, however, did not show evident signs of oxidation and basically preserved their own electronic structures. Ageing in the light determined a dramatic material deterioration with heavily perturbed chemical composition also due to reactions of the perovskite components with surface contaminants, promoted by the exposure to visible radiation. We also investigated the implications that 2D MXene flakes, recently identified as effective perovskite additive to improve solar cell efficiency, might have on the labile resilience of the material to external agents. Our results exclude any deleterious MXene influence on the perovskite stability and, actually, might evidence a mild stabilizing effect for the fresh samples, which, if doped, exhibited a lower deviation from the expected stoichiometry with respect to the undoped sample. The evolution of the undoped perovskites under thermal stress was studied by heating the samples in UHV while monitoring in real time, simultaneously, the behaviour of four representative material elements. Moreover, we could reveal the occurrence of fast changes induced in the fresh material by the photon beam as well as the enhanced decomposition triggered by the concurrent X-ray irradiation and thermal heating.
Starting Page	3954
e-ISSN	19961944
DOI	10.3390/ma14143954
Journal	Materials
Issue Number	14
Volume Number	14
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2021-07-15
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Materials Atomic, Molecular and Chemical Physics Mixed Perovskite Perovskite Stability Mxene Xps Work Function
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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