NDLI: Investigation of an Autochthonous Outbreak of Bovine Besnoitiosis in Northwestern Sicily

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Investigation of an Autochthonous Outbreak of Bovine Besnoitiosis in Northwestern Sicily

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Neve, Veronica Cristina Coltraro, Miriana Stamilla, Alessandro Spadola, Filippo Puleio, Roberto Loria, Guido Ruggero Antoci, Francesco Cascone, Giuseppe Salina, Felice
Copyright Year	2022
Description	Bovine besnoitiosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Besnoitia besnoiti, leading to infertility in bulls and abortions in cows. In Italy, it is considered an emerging disease, recently introduced by the importation of animals from Spain and France. In the last decade, many outbreaks have been reported and confirmed in native cattle, mostly in northern and central Italy. This study reports on an autochthonous outbreak of bovine besnoitiosis in two nearby farms located in northwestern Sicily. A 15-month-old Limousine bull born on the farm showed typical clinical signs of the chronic disease phase, such as edema of the scrotum with subsequent hyperkeratosis associated with eschars and thickening of the skin. A histopathological examination revealed the presence of Besnoitia tissue cysts containing bradyzoites in the eyes, tendons, testicles, dermis, and nictitating membrane. A serological investigation using a commercial ELISA kit revealed a high seroprevalence of the antibody anti-B. besnoiti (79.2% for the farms in this study). Clinical disease showed low prevalence (1.5%) despite the high seroprevalence of specific antibodies in the herd, confirming that bovine besnoitiosis is an emergent endemic pathogen in Sicily, but its clinical behavior still remains sporadic.
Starting Page	122
e-ISSN	20760817
DOI	10.3390/pathogens11020122
Journal	Pathogens
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	11
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2022-01-20
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Pathogens Infectious Diseases Besnoitia Besnoiti Bovine Besnoitiosis Cattle Histopathology Serology Sicily Skin Disease Protozoa
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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