NDLI: Depth Dose Enhancement on Flattening-Filter-Free Photon Beam: A Monte Carlo Study in Nanoparticle-Enhanced Radiotherapy

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Depth Dose Enhancement on Flattening-Filter-Free Photon Beam: A Monte Carlo Study in Nanoparticle-Enhanced Radiotherapy

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Chow, James C. L.
Copyright Year	2020
Description	The aim of this study is to investigate the variations of depth dose enhancement (DDE) on different nanoparticle (NP) variables, when using the flattening-filter-free (FFF) photon beam in nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy. Monte Carlo simulation under a macroscopic approach was used to determine the DDE ratio (DDER) with variables of NP material (gold (Au) and iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3)), NP concentration (3–40 mg/mL) and photon beam (10 MV flattening-filter (FF) and 10 MV FFF). It is found that Au NPs had a higher DDER than Fe2O3 NPs, when the depths were shallower than 6 and 8 cm for the 10 MV FF and 10 MV FFF photon beams, respectively. However, in a deeper depth range of 10–20 cm, DDER for the Au NPs was lower than Fe2O3 NPs mainly due to the beam attenuation and photon energy distribution. It is concluded that DDER for the Au NPs and Fe2O3 NPs decreased with an increase of depth in the range of 10–20 cm, with rate of decrease depending on the NP material, NP concentration and the use of FF in the photon beam.
Starting Page	7052
e-ISSN	20763417
DOI	10.3390/app10207052
Journal	Applied Sciences
Issue Number	20
Volume Number	10
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2020-10-11
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Applied Sciences Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging Nanomaterial Gold Nanoparticles Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Cancer Therapy Depth Dose Enhancement Monte Carlo Simulation and Nanoparticle-enhanced Radiotherapy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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