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Dimethyl Carbonate: Review of Synthesis Routes and Catalysts Used
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Kohli, Kirtika Sharma, Brajendra K. Panchal, Chandrakant B. |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Description | This review summarizes the performance of potential catalysts for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) using $CO_{2}$ as a feedstock by two major processes—the direct route of carbonylation of alcohols and the indirect route of alcoholysis of urea. The reaction mechanisms and corresponding catalysts that were previously investigated are discussed. The major challenges associated with the conversion of $CO_{2}$ to DMC are the low yields, low DMC selectivity, and thermodynamic limitations (alcohol carbonylation) of reversible reactions with low equilibrium constants. This occurs mainly due to the highly stable carbon dioxide molecules. The development of novel catalysts with high yields and high selectivity needs to be studied to overcome these technical challenges. In addition, to enhance the DMC yield, the use of dehydrating agents for water removal from the reaction mixture is recommended and discussed in detail in this article. This review critically examines the different catalysts used by investigators, along with their respective operating conditions and suitability in applications for the commercial synthesis of $CO_{2}$-based DMC. |
| Starting Page | 5133 |
| e-ISSN | 19961073 |
| DOI | 10.3390/en15145133 |
| Journal | Energies |
| Issue Number | 14 |
| Volume Number | 15 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-07-14 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Energies Dimethyl Carbonate Direct Conversion From Co2 Urea Alcoholysis Heterogeneous Catalysis Homogenous Catalysis |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
