NDLI: Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss and Microglial Activation in a SOD1G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

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Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss and Microglial Activation in a SOD1G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Ana, Ramírez Jos, é Fernández-Albarral Elena, Salobrar-García In, és López-Cuenca Irene, Santos-García Jos, é Ramírez Rojas, Pilar Cadena, Manuel de Lago, Eva Urcelay-Segura, José de Hoz, Rosa Salazar, Juan
Copyright Year	2021
Description	The neurodegenerative disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) affects the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebral cortex. In this pathology, both neurons and glial cells are affected. However, few studies have analyzed retinal microglia in ALS models. In this study, we quantified the signs of microglial activation and the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in an SOD1G93A transgenic mouse model at 120 days (advanced stage of the disease) in retinal whole-mounts. For SOD1G93A animals (compared to the wild-type), we found, in microglial cells, (i) a significant increase in the area occupied by each microglial cell in the total area of the retina; (ii) a significant increase in the arbor area in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) inferior sector; (iii) the presence of cells with retracted processes; (iv) areas of cell groupings in some sectors; (v) no significant increase in the number of microglial cells; (vi) the expression of IFN-γ and IL-1β; and (vii) the non-expression of IL-10 and arginase-I. For the RGCs, we found a decrease in their number. In conclusion, in the SOD1G93A model (at 120 days), retinal microglial activation occurred, taking a pro-inflammatory phenotype M1, which affected the OPL and inner retinal layers and could be related to RGC loss.
Starting Page	1663
e-ISSN	14220067
DOI	10.3390/ijms22041663
Journal	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	22
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2021-02-07
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	International Journal of Molecular Sciences Cell Tissue Engineering Microglia Retina Sod1g93a Mouse Model Als Retinal Whole-mount Microglial Activation Retinal Ganglion Cells Pro-inflammatory M1 Phenotype Anti-inflammatory M2 Phenotype
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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