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$CD4^{+}$ T-Cell Plasticity in Non-Infectious Retinal Inflammatory Disease
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Chen, Yi-Hsing Lightman, Sue Calder, Virginia L. |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) is a potentially sight-threatening disease. Effector $CD4^{+}$ T cells, especially interferon-γ-(IFNγ) producing Th1 cells and interleukin-17-(IL-17) producing Th17 cells, are the major immunopathogenic cells, as demonstrated by adoptive transfer of disease in a model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). $CD4^{+}FoxP3^{+}CD25^{+}$ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were known to suppress function of effector $CD4^{+}$ T cells and contribute to resolution of disease. It has been recently reported that some $CD4^{+}$ T-cell subsets demonstrate shared phenotypes with another $CD4^{+}$ T-cell subset, offering the potential for dual function. For example, Th17/Th1 (co-expressing IFNγ and IL-17) cells and Th17/Treg (co-expressing IL-17 and FoxP3) cells have been identified in NIU and EAU. In this review, we have investigated the evidence as to whether these ‘plastic $CD4^{+}$ T cells’ are functionally active in uveitis. We conclude that Th17/Th1 cells are generated locally, are resistant to the immunosuppressive effects of steroids, and contribute to early development of EAU. Th17/Treg cells produce IL-17, not IL-10, and act similar to Th17 cells. These cells were considered pathogenic in uveitis. Future studies are needed to better clarify their function, and in the future, these cell subsets may in need to be taken into consideration for designing treatment strategies for disease. |
| Starting Page | 9584 |
| e-ISSN | 14220067 |
| DOI | 10.3390/ijms22179584 |
| Journal | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Issue Number | 17 |
| Volume Number | 22 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-09-03 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | International Journal of Molecular Sciences Immunology Th17/th1 (cd4+ifnγ+il-17+) Cells Th17/treg (cd4+il-17+foxp3+) Cells Regulatory (treg) T Cells Th1 Cells Th17 Cells Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis Uveitis Cd4+ T Cell Plasticity |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
