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FDA-Approved Oximes and Their Significance in Medicinal Chemistry
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Dhuguru, Jyothi Zviagin, Eugene Skouta, Rachid |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Description | Despite the scientific advancements, organophosphate (OP) poisoning continues to be a major threat to humans, accounting for nearly one million poisoning cases every year leading to at least 20,000 deaths worldwide. Oximes represent the most important class in medicinal chemistry, renowned for their widespread applications as OP antidotes, drugs and intermediates for the synthesis of several pharmacological derivatives. Common oxime based reactivators or nerve antidotes include pralidoxime, obidoxime, HI-6, trimedoxime and methoxime, among which pralidoxime is the only FDA-approved drug. Cephalosporins are β-lactam based antibiotics and serve as widely acclaimed tools in fighting bacterial infections. Oxime based cephalosporins have emerged as an important class of drugs with improved efficacy and a broad spectrum of anti-microbial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Among the several oxime based derivatives, cefuroxime, ceftizoxime, cefpodoxime and cefmenoxime are the FDA approved oxime-based antibiotics. Given the pharmacological significance of oximes, in the present paper, we put together all the FDA-approved oximes and discuss their mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and synthesis. |
| Starting Page | 66 |
| e-ISSN | 14248247 |
| DOI | 10.3390/ph15010066 |
| Journal | Pharmaceuticals |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 15 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-01-04 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Pharmaceuticals Toxicology Oximes Organophosphates Acetylcholinesterase Antidotes Pralidoxime Obidoxime Hi-6 Trimedoxime Methoxime Cefuroxime Ceftizoxime Cefpodoxime Cefmenoxime Antibiotics Cephalosporins |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
