NDLI: Low-Invasive $CO_{2}$-Based Visual Alerting Systems to Manage Natural Ventilation and Improve IAQ in Historic School Buildings

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Low-Invasive $CO_{2}$-Based Visual Alerting Systems to Manage Natural Ventilation and Improve IAQ in Historic School Buildings

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Avella, Francesca Gupta, Akshit Peretti, Clara Fulici, Gianmaria Verdi, Luca Belleri, Annamaria Babich, Francesco
Copyright Year	2021
Description	Children spend a large part of their growing years in schools, and as they are more sensitive to some pollutants than adults, it is essential to monitor and maximize the indoor air quality (IAQ) in classrooms. Many schools are located in historic and heritage buildings, and improving the IAQ, preserving the architectural features, poses a great challenge. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a low-invasiveness, low-cost, smart $CO_{2}$-based visual alerting systems to manage natural ventilation and improve IAQ in historic school buildings. Indoor and outdoor parameters were monitored for three weeks in four schools with different levels of education (two classrooms per school; device installed in one only). Based on indoor $CO_{2}$ concentration, air temperature and relative humidity, the device suggests when windows should be opened to ventilate. The comparison between the two classrooms show that the effectiveness of the device is highly dependent on the occupants: (i) reduction in the average $CO_{2}$ concentrations of up to 42% in classrooms with frontal lesson and full occupancy, (ii) the device is not the most ideal solution for kindergarten due to the young age of the pupils, and (iii) it is more used during mild outdoor temperatures.
Ending Page	3468
Page Count	27
Starting Page	3442
e-ISSN	25719408
DOI	10.3390/heritage4040191
Journal	Heritage
Issue Number	4
Volume Number	4
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2021-10-14
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Heritage Indoor Air Quality (iaq) Natural Ventilation Historic Buildings Carbon Dioxide (co2) Monitoring Strategies Passive Solution Schools
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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