NDLI: Extracellular-Ca2+-Induced Decrease in Small Molecule Electrotransfer Efficiency: Comparison between Microsecond and Nanosecond Electric Pulses

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Extracellular-Ca2+-Induced Decrease in Small Molecule Electrotransfer Efficiency: Comparison between Microsecond and Nanosecond Electric Pulses

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Navickaite, Diana Ruzgys, Paulius Novickij, Vitalij Jakutaviciute, Milda Maciulevicius, Martynas Sinceviciute, Ruta Satkauskas, Saulius
Copyright Year	2020
Description	Electroporation—a transient electric-field-induced increase in cell membrane permeability—can be used to facilitate the delivery of anticancer drugs for antitumour electrochemotherapy. In recent years, Ca2+ electroporation has emerged as an alternative modality to electrochemotherapy. The antitumor effect of calcium electroporation is achieved as a result of the introduction of supraphysiological calcium doses. However, calcium is also known to play a key role in membrane resealing, potentially altering the pore dynamics and molecular delivery during electroporation. To elucidate the role of calcium for the electrotransfer of small charged molecule into cell we have performed experiments using nano- and micro-second electric pulses. The results demonstrate that extracellular calcium ions inhibit the electrotransfer of small charged molecules. Experiments revealed that this effect is related to an increased rate of membrane resealing. We also employed mathematical modelling methods in order to explain the differences between the CaCl2 effects after the application of nano- and micro-second duration electric pulses. Simulation showed that these differences occur due to the changes in transmembrane voltage generation in response to the increase in specific conductivity when CaCl2 concentration is increased.
Starting Page	422
e-ISSN	19994923
DOI	10.3390/pharmaceutics12050422
Journal	Pharmaceutics
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	12
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2020-05-04
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Pharmaceutics Biophysics Calcium Electroporation Calcium Microsecond Electroporation Nanosecond Electroporation Membrane Repair Pore Resealing
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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