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Reverse Osmosis Treatment of Wastewater for Reuse as Process Water—A Case Study
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Marjana, Simonič |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | The aim of this work was to purify mixed wastewater from three different production processes in such a manner that they could be reused as process water. The maximum allowed concentrations (MAC) from the Environmental Standards for emissions of substances released into surface water were set as target concentrations. Wastewaters contained solid particles, sodium, aluminium, chloride, and nitrogen in high amounts. Quantitatively, most wastewaters were generated in the production line of alumina washing. The second type of wastewater was generated from the production line of boehmite. The third type of wastewater was from regeneration of ion exchangers, which are applied for feed boiler water treatment. The initial treatment step of wastewater mixture was neutralisation, using 35% HCl. The precoat filtration followed, and the level of suspended solids was reduced from 320 mg/L to only 9 mg/L. The concentrations of ions, such as aluminium, sodium and chlorides remained above the MAC. Therefore, laboratory reverse osmosis was applied to remove the listed pollutants from the water. We s쳮ded in removal of all the pollutants. The concentration of aluminium decreased below 3 mg/L, the sodium to 145 mg/L and chlorides to 193 mg/L. The concentration of nitrate nitrogen decreased below 20 mg/L. |
| Starting Page | 976 |
| e-ISSN | 20770375 |
| DOI | 10.3390/membranes11120976 |
| Journal | Membranes |
| Issue Number | 12 |
| Volume Number | 11 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-12-10 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Membranes Environmental Engineering Alumina Production Reverse Osmosis Fouling Wastewater Reuse |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
