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Different Seasonal Collections of Ficus carica L. Leaves Diversely Modulate Lipid Metabolism and Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Pucci, Mariachiara Mandrone, Manuela Chiocchio, Ilaria Sweeney, Eileen Mac Tirelli, Emanuela Uberti, Daniela Memo, Maurizio Poli, Ferruccio Mastinu, Andrea Abate, Giulia |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Description | Due to the high prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes, adipogenesis dysfunction and metabolic disorders are common features in the elderly population. Thus, the identification of novel compounds with anti-adipogenic and lipolytic effects is highly desirable to reduce diabetes complications. Plants represent an important source of bioactive compounds. To date, the antidiabetic potential of several traditional plants has been reported, among which Ficus carica L. is one of the most promising. Considering that plant metabolome changes in response to a number of factors including seasonality, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether Ficus carica leaves extracts collected in autumn (FCa) and spring (FCs) differently modulate lipid metabolism and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The$ ^{1}$H-NMR profile of the extracts showed that FCs have a higher content of caffeic acid derivatives, glucose, and sucrose than FCa. In contrast, FCa showed a higher concentration of malic acid and furanocoumarins, identified as psoralen and bergapten. In vitro testing showed that only FCa treatments were able to significantly decrease the lipid content (Ctrl vs. FCa 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL and 80 μg/mL; p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, FCa treatments were able to downregulate the transcriptional pathway of adipogenesis and insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In more detail, FCa 80 μg/mL significantly decreased the gene expression of PPARγ (p < 0.05), C/EBPα (p < 0.05), Leptin (p < 0.0001), adiponectin (p < 0.05) and GLUT4 (p < 0.01). In conclusion, this study further supports an in-depth investigation of F. carica leaves extracts as a promising source of active compounds useful for targeting obesity and diabetes. |
| Starting Page | 2833 |
| e-ISSN | 20726643 |
| DOI | 10.3390/nu14142833 |
| Journal | Nutrients |
| Issue Number | 14 |
| Volume Number | 14 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-07-10 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Nutrients Integrative and Complementary Medicine Seasonality Ficus Carica L. Furanocoumarins 1h-nmr Profile Lipid Metabolism Adipogenesis |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
