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Chemical Reduction of GO: Comparing Hydroiodic Acid and Sodium Borohydride Chemical Approaches by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Liu, Wei Speranza, Giorgio |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Description | The efficiency of two wet chemical processes based on hydroiodic acid (HI) and sodium borohydride $(NaBH_{4}$) used to reduce graphene oxide (GO) have been studied. At this aim, the oxygen abundance of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was studied as a function of the reductant concentration. A number of rGO samples were produced and their chemical compositions were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The analyses show that the reduction of the oxygen concentration proceeds non-linearly. At the beginning, when pristine GO is utilized a higher extent of reduction is obtained. The oxygen concentration decreases from ~32% to 10.5% by increasing the HI concentration to 0.24 M. A steeper reduction was observed for $NaBH_{4}$, where the oxygen concentration lowers to ~13.6% using just 50 mg of $NaBH_{4}$. Next, reduction reactions performed with increasing amounts of reductants in aqueous suspensions show a progressive saturation effect, indicating a limit in the final oxygen concentration. We obtained a residual oxygen concentration of 5.3% using 7.58 M of HI and 8.6% with 1200 mg of $NaBH_{4.}$ The chemical analysis highlights that the reduction of the oxygen concentration in rGO samples is mainly derived from the cleavage of C-OH bonds and the next reconstruction of C-C bonds. |
| Starting Page | 20 |
| e-ISSN | 23115629 |
| DOI | 10.3390/c8020020 |
| Journal | C - Journal of Carbon Research |
| Issue Number | 2 |
| Volume Number | 8 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-03-22 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | C - Journal of Carbon Research Environmental Engineering Reduced Graphene Oxide Hydroiodic Acid Sodium Borohydride Xps Chemical Analysis |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
