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Cytotoxic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Dihydroisocoumarin and Xanthone Derivatives from Garcinia picrorhiza
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Xuehong, Nöst Sukandar, Edwin R. Kaennakam, Sutin Raab, Pia Rassamee, Kitiya Bauer, Rudolf Siripong, Pongpun Ersam, Taslim Tip-Pyang, Santi Chavasiri, Warinthorn |
| Copyright Year | 2021 |
| Description | Garcinia picrorhiza, a woody plant native to Sulawesi and Maluku Islands, Indonesia, has been traditionally used as a wound healing ointment. In our continuous search for bioactive compounds from this plant, 15 phenolic compounds were isolated from its stem bark, including a previously undescribed dihydroisocoumarin, 2′-hydroxyannulatomarin, and two undescribed furanoxanthones, gerontoxanthone C hydrate and 3′-hydroxycalothorexanthone. The structures of the new metabolites were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS. Gerontoxanthone C hydrate possessed cytotoxicity against four cancer cells (KB, HeLa S3, MCF-7, and Hep G2) with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 5.6 to 7.5 µM. Investigation on the anti-inflammatory activities showed that 3′-hydroxycalothorexanthone inhibited NO production in RAW 264.7 and BV-2 cell lines with $IC_{50}$ values of 16.4 and 13.8 µM, respectively, whereas only (−)-annulatomarin possessed inhibition activity on COX-2 enzyme over 10% at 20 µM. This work describes the presence of 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin structures with a phenyl ring substituent at C-3, which are reported the first time in genus Garcinia. These findings also suggest the potential of furanxanthone derivatives as cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory agents for further pharmacological studies. |
| Starting Page | 6626 |
| e-ISSN | 14203049 |
| DOI | 10.3390/molecules26216626 |
| Journal | Molecules |
| Issue Number | 21 |
| Volume Number | 26 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2021-11-01 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Molecules Integrative and Complementary Medicine Xanthone Isocoumarin Clusiaceae Garcinia Picrorhiza Cytotoxic Anti-inflammatory |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
