NDLI: Protein Quality in Infant Formulas Marketed in Brazil: Assessments on Biodigestibility, Essential Amino Acid Content and Proteins of Biological Importance

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Protein Quality in Infant Formulas Marketed in Brazil: Assessments on Biodigestibility, Essential Amino Acid Content and Proteins of Biological Importance

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Diego, Dos Santos Baião de Almeida, Cristine Couto Leandro, Katia Christina Paschoalin, Vania Margaret Flosi Costa, Marion Pereira da Conte-Junior, Carlos Adam
Copyright Year	2021
Description	Infant formulas, designed to provide similar nutritional composition and performance to human milk, are recommended when breastfeeding is not enough to provide for the nutritional needs of children under 12 months of age. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the protein quality and essential amino acid content of both starting (phase 1) and follow-up (phase 2) formulas from different manufacturers. The chemical amino acid score and protein digestibility corrected by the amino acid score were calculated. The determined protein contents in most formulas were above the maximum limit recommended by FAO and WHO guidelines and at odds with the protein contents declared in the label. All infant formulas contained lactoferrin (0.06 to 0.44 g·100 $g^{−1}$) and α-lactalbumin (0.02 to 1.34 g·100 $g^{−1}$) below recommended concentrations, whereas ĸ-casein (8.28 to 12.91 g·100 $g^{−1}$), α-casein (0.70 to 2.28 g·100 $g^{−1}$) and β-lactoglobulin (1.32 to 4.19 g·100 $g^{−1}$) were detected above recommended concentrations. Essential amino acid quantification indicated that threonine, leucine and phenylalanine were the most abundant amino acids found in the investigated infant formulas. In conclusion, infant formulas are still unconforming to nutritional breast milk quality and must be improved in order to follow current global health authority guidelines.
Starting Page	3933
e-ISSN	20726643
DOI	10.3390/nu13113933
Journal	Nutrients
Issue Number	11
Volume Number	13
Language	English
Publisher	MDPI
Publisher Date	2021-11-03
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Nutrients Nutrition and Dietetics Breastfeeding Infant Formulas Protein Quality Whey Proteins Caseins Hplc Amino Acid Score Amino Acid Score Corrected Protein Digestibility
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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