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Effect of Different $Ca^{2+}$ and $Zr^{4+}$ Contents on Microstructure and Electrical Properties of $(Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O_{3}$ Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics
| Content Provider | MDPI |
|---|---|
| Author | Du, Jianzhou Qiu, Long Yang, Cong Chen, Yuansheng Zhu, Kongjun Wang, Luming |
| Copyright Year | 2022 |
| Description | In the preparation of $(Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O_{3}$ lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, different $Ca^{2+}$ and $Zr^{4+}$ contents will greatly affect the phase structure, microstructure, and electrical properties of the ceramics. XRD shows that all samples have pure perovskite phase structure, and the $(Ba_{0.85}Ca_{0.15})(Zr_{y}Ti_{1−y})O_{3}$ ceramics morphotropic phase boundary region from tetragonal phase to rhombohedral phase near 0.08 ≤ y ≤ 0.1. From the dielectric temperature curve, the phase transition temperature $(T_{O-T}$) was found near room temperature at 0.12 ≤ x ≤ 0.18 for the $(Ba_{1−x}Ca_{x})(Zr_{0.1}Ti_{0.9})O_{3}$ ceramics. Both $Ca^{2+}$ and $Zr^{4+}$ increase have a significant decrease on the Curie temperature $T_{c}$. All samples were revealed as relaxers with diffusivities in the range 1.29 ≤ γ ≤ 1.82. Different from the undoped ceramics, ceramics doped with Ca and Zr ions exhibit saturated P–E hysteresis loops, and their ferroelectric properties are significantly optimized. In particular, the $(Ba_{0.85}Ca_{0.15})(Zr_{0.1}Ti_{0.9})O_{3}$ ceramic demonstrated optimal properties, namely $d_{33}$ = 330 pC/N, $k_{p}$ = 0.41, $ε_{r}$ = 4069, $P_{r}$ = 4.8 $μC/cm^{2}$, and $E_{c}$ = 3.1 kV/cm, indicating that it is a viable lead-free piezoelectric contender. Variations in Ca and Zr content have a significant effect on the crystal grain sizes and densities of ceramics, which is strongly associated with their piezoelectricity. |
| Starting Page | 896 |
| e-ISSN | 20734352 |
| DOI | 10.3390/cryst12070896 |
| Journal | Crystals |
| Issue Number | 7 |
| Volume Number | 12 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| Publisher Date | 2022-06-24 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Crystals Ceramics Bctz Phase Transition Piezoelectric Properties Dielectric Properties |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
