NDLI: Assessing Green and Blue Water Footprints in the Supply Chain of Cocoa Production: A Case Study in the Northeast of Colombia

Please wait, while we are loading the content...

Possibilities of Using the Tourism Area Life Cycle Model to Understand and Provide Sustainable Solution for Tourism Development in the Antarctic Region

Algerian Carob Tree Products: A Comprehensive Valorization Analysis and Future Prospects

Overview of the Main Disinfection Processes for Wastewater and Drinking Water Treatment Plants

The Effects of Operational Structure Change on Performance after Seasoned Equity Offerings

Destination Personality, Destination Image, and Intent to Recommend: The Role of Gender, Age, Cultural Background, and Prior Experiences

The Impact of Flipped Learning on Cooperative and Competitive Mindsets

Performance Measurement of Healthcare Service and Association Discussion between Quality and Efficiency: Evidence from 31 Provinces of Mainland China

Diagnosis of Sustainable Business Strategies Implemented by Chilean Construction Companies

Artificial Neural Network for Assessment of Energy Consumption and Cost for Cross Laminated Timber Office Building in Severe Cold Regions

An Investigation of Passengers’ Psychological Benefits from Green Brands in an Environmentally Friendly Airline Context: The Moderating Role of Gender

Evaluation of Hydraulic Retention Time on Treatment of Coffee Processing Wastewater (CPWW) in EGSB Bioreactor

Manufacturing Quality Prediction Using Intelligent Learning Approaches: A Comparative Study

Measuring the Sustainability of a Manufacturing Process: A Conceptual Framework

Wet Deposition of Trace Metals at a Typical Urban Site in Southwestern China: Fluxes, Sources and Contributions to Aquatic Environments

Exploring the Patterns and Mechanisms of Reclaimed Arable Land Utilization under the Requisition-Compensation Balance Policy in Wenzhou, China

Designing a Climate-Resilient Environmental Curriculum—A Transdisciplinary Challenge

A Model of Market Positioning of Destinations Based on Online Customer Reviews of Lodgings

Modeling and Simulation of the Future Impacts of Urban Land Use Change on the Natural Environment by SLEUTH and Cluster Analysis

Environmental and Community Stability of a Mountain Destination: An Analysis of Residents’ Perception

Predictive Measurement of the Structure of Land Use in an Urban Agglomeration Space

Regional Variations of Credits Obtained by LEED 2009 Certified Green Buildings—A Country Level Analysis

A Review of Light Shelf Designs for Daylit Environments

International Tourists’ Perceived Sustainability of Jeju Island, South Korea

Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of the Economic Efficiency of Construction Land in the Pearl River Delta Megalopolis from 1998 to 2012

Effects of Building Design Elements on Residential Thermal Environment

Solar Heat Gain Reduction of Ventilated Double Skin Windows without a Shading Device

Developing and Assessing Alternative Land-Use Scenarios from the MOLAND Model: A Scenario-Based Impact Analysis Approach for the Evaluation of Rapid Rail Provisions and Urban Development in the Greater Dublin Region

SPP Toolbox: Supporting Sustainable Public Procurement in the Context of Socio-Technical Transitions

Sustainability Formation of Machine Cells in Group Technology Systems Using Modified Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm

Exploring the Determinants of Migrant Workers’ Willingness to Buy Houses in Cities: A Case Study in Xi’an, China

Optimization of a Traffic Control Scheme for a Post-Disaster Urban Road Network

Research and Development Strategy for Fishery Technology Innovation for Sustainable Fishery Resource Management in North-East Asia

Spatial–Temporal Patterns and Driving Forces of Ecological-Living-Production Land in Hubei Province, Central China

A Transformative Turn towards Sustainability in the Context of Urban-Related Studies? A Systematic Review from 1957 to 2016

Tourism as an Approach to Sustainable Rural Development in Post-Socialist Countries: A Comparative Study of Serbia and Slovenia

Variation Trend Analysis of Runoff and Sediment Time Series Based on the R/S Analysis of Simulated Loess Tilled Slopes in the Loess Plateau, China

Exploratory Orientation, Business Model Innovation and New Venture Growth

Impacts of Power Structure on Sustainable Supply Chain Management

A Review of Methods to Improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Agriculture

Evolution of a Development Model for Fruit Industry against Background of an Aging Population: Intensive or Extensive Adjustment?

A Model to Measure Tourist Preference toward Scenic Spots Based on Social Media Data: A Case of Dapeng in China

A Resource Sharing Mechanism for Sustainable Production in the Garment Industry

Implications of Switching Fossil Fuel Subsidies to Solar: A Case Study for the European Union

Review of Soil Organic Carbon Measurement Protocols: A US and Brazil Comparison and Recommendation

Urban Regeneration and the Search for Identity in Historic Cities

Evaluating Grid Size Suitability of Population Distribution Data via Improved ALV Method: A Case Study in Anhui Province, China

Assessing Green and Blue Water Footprints in the Supply Chain of Cocoa Production: A Case Study in the Northeast of Colombia

The Diffusion Effect of MSW Recycling

Theoretical Analysis on the Short-Circuit Current of Inverter-Interfaced Renewable Energy Generators with Fault-Ride-Through Capability

Innovation Ecosystem of CNG Vehicles: A Case Study of Its Cultivation and Characteristics in Sichuan, China

How to Evaluate Smart Cities’ Construction? A Comparison of Chinese Smart City Evaluation Methods Based on PSF

Spatial Heterogeneity of Typical Ecosystem Services and Their Relationships in Different Ecological–Functional Zones in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region, China

Value Creation Mechanism of Social Enterprises in Manufacturing Industry: Empirical Evidence from Korea

Scale Effects of Water Saving on Irrigation Efficiency: Case Study of a Rice-Based Groundwater Irrigation System on the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

Water Efficient Alternative Crops for Sustainable Agriculture along the Tarim Basin: A Comparison of the Economic Potentials of Apocynum pictum, Chinese Red Date and Cotton in Xinjiang, China

Valuing Urban Landscape Using Subjective Well-Being Data: Empirical Evidence from Dalian, China

Stomatal Behavior of Cowpea Genotypes Grown Under Varying Moisture Levels

Exploring Farmers’ Pro-Ecological Intentions after Ecological Rehabilitation in a Fragile Environment Area: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

Evaluation of Future Water Use for Electricity Generation under Different Energy Development Scenarios in China

Critical Factors Influencing Business Model Innovation for Sustainable Buildings

Early Forecasting of Rice Blast Disease Using Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks

Investigating How the Rents of Small Urban Houses are Determined: Using Spatial Hedonic Modeling for Urban Residential Housing in Seoul

The Reality of Encounters with Local Life in Other Cultures

Implementing Responsible Research and Innovation Practices in SMEs: Insights into Drivers and Barriers from the Austrian Medical Device Sector

Sustainable Decision-Making in Civil Engineering, Construction and Building Technology

The Traditional Technological Approach and Social Technologies in the Brazilian Semiarid Region

Green Eco-Driving Effects in Non-Congested Cities

Modeling Spatial Distribution of Some Contamination within the Lower Reaches of Diyala River Using IDW Interpolation

Evaluating the Comprehensive Benefit of Group-Affiliated New Energy Power Generation Enterprises for Sustainability: Based on a Combined Technique of STBI and TOPSIS

The Great Scottish Housing Disaster: The Impacts of Feudalism, Modernism, Energy Efficiency and Vapour Barriers on Indoor Air Quality, Asthma and Public Health

Towards Sustainability in Viral Marketing with User Engaging Supporting Campaigns

Groundwater Level Dynamics in Bengaluru City, India

How Myopia Archetypes Lead to Non-Sustainability

African Leafy Vegetables: A Review of Status, Production and Utilization in South Africa

Sustainability and Economic Performance of the Companies in the Renewable Energy Sector in Romania

Ants: Major Functional Elements in Fruit Agro-Ecosystems and Biological Control Agents

Low-Carbon Transportation Oriented Urban Spatial Structure: Theory, Model and Case Study

Analyzing Land Cover Change and Urban Growth Trajectories of the Mega-Urban Region of Dhaka Using Remotely Sensed Data and an Ensemble Classifier

Effluents from Fish Farming Ponds: A View from the Perspective of Its Main Components

Could Black Be the New Gold? Design-Driven Challenges in New Sustainable Luxury Materials for Jewelry

Green Suppliers Performance Evaluation in Belt and Road Using Fuzzy Weighted Average with Social Media Information

Innovative Corporate Initiatives to Reduce Climate Risk: Lessons from East Asia

Empirical Study towards the Drivers of Sustainable Economic Growth in EU-28 Countries

A Collaborative Cloud Service Platform for Realizing Sustainable Make-To-Order Apparel Supply Chain

Sustainable Urbanization Synergy Degree Measures—A Case Study in Henan Province, China

Cultivated Land Use Benefits Under State and Collective Agrarian Property Regimes in China

Assessing Green and Blue Water Footprints in the Supply Chain of Cocoa Production: A Case Study in the Northeast of Colombia

Content Provider	MDPI
Author	Naranjo-Merino, Carlos Ortíz-Rodriguez, Oscar Villamizar-G, Raquel
Abstract	Cocoa is an important commercial crop in the tropics, and estimating the water footprint to target areas of improvement is a worthwhile effort. The main goal of this paper was to assess the regional green and blue water footprints (WF) of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) production in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. Water footprint assessment was based on the Water Footprint Assessment Manual. The results show that the green water footprint was about 13,189 m3/ton, and the blue water footprint was 5687 m3/ton. The WF proposed method can be a good approximation for the uses of water for different crops, but weather conditions and hydrological modeling must be considered in extreme conditions, which would permit a much more detailed analysis for a region. This study allowed us to provide data on the cocoa water footprint, principally concentrating on elevated grain production in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. In addition, some of these results may positively contribute to water resource management improvement, especially regarding food security and water scarcity, both at the local and national levels. Therefore, the cocoa production process was analyzed from agronomic practices in settled crops, through the primary processing of the grain, to the procedures of grain selection and packaging. Thus, taking into consideration that most cocoa crops produced in Colombia are not irrigated, it is possible to implement productivity enhancement programs.
File Size	928768
File Format	PDF
e-ISSN	20711050
DOI	10.3390/su10010038
Journal	Sustainability
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	10
Language	English
Publisher Date	2017-12-25
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	blue footprint cocoa evapotranspiration green footprint virtual water water footprint
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Central Library (ISO-9001:2015 Certified)
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Kharagpur, West Bengal, India | PIN - 721302

See location in the Map
03222 282435
Mail: support@ndl.gov.in

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in