NDLI: Sex Differences in Availability of β2*-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Recently Abstinent Tobacco Smokers

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Sex Differences in Availability of β2*-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Recently Abstinent Tobacco Smokers

Content Provider	JAMA Network
Author	Cosgrove, Kelly P. Esterlis, Irina McKee, Sherry A. Bois, Frederic Seibyl, John P. Mazure, Carolyn M. Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra Staley, Julie K. Picciotto, Marina R. O’Malley, Stephanie S.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Context: Sex differences exist in the reinforcing effects of nicotine, smoking cessation rates, and response to nicotine therapies. Sex differences in availability of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing the β2 subunit (β2-n: ACh: Rs) may underlie differential nicotine and tobacco smoking effects and related behaviors in women vs men. Objectives: To examine β2-n: ACh: R availability in male and female smokers vs nonsmokers and to determine associations among β2-n: ACh: R availability, tobacco smoking characteristics, and female sex steroid hormone levels. Design: Male (n = 26) and female (n = 28) tobacco smokers participated in an iodide 123–labeled 5-iodo- A-85380 ([123I]5- IA) single-photon emission computed tomography ( SPECT) imaging session at 7 to 9 days of abstinence. Age-matched male (n = 26) and female (n = 30) nonsmokers participated in a [123I]5- IA SPECT imaging session. All participants completed a magnetic resonance imaging study. Setting: Academic imaging center. Participants: Tobacco smokers (n = 54) and age- and sex-matched nonsmokers (n = 56). Main Outcome Measure: The [123I]5- IA SPECT images were converted to equilibrium distribution volumes and were analyzed using regions of interest. Results: The β2-n: ACh: R availability was significantly higher in male smokers compared with male nonsmokers in striatum, cortex, and cerebellum, but female smokers did not have higher β2-n: ACh: R availability than female nonsmokers in any region. In women, β2-n: ACh: R availability in the cortex and cerebellum was negatively and significantly correlated with progesterone level on the SPECT imaging day. In female smokers on imaging day, the progesterone level was positively and significantly correlated with depressive symptoms, craving for a cigarette, and nicotine withdrawal. Conclusions: The regulatory effects of nicotine in the brain (ie, tobacco smoking–induced upregulation of β2*-n: ACh: Rs) seem to be distinctly different between men and women, and female sex steroid hormones likely have a role in this regulation. These findings suggest an underlying neurochemical mechanism for the reported behavioral sex differences. To treat female smokers more effectively, it is critical that nonnicotinic-mediated medications should be explored.
Ending Page	427
Starting Page	418
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
ISSN	0003990X
DOI	10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1465
Issue Number	4
Journal	Archives of General Psychiatry
Volume Number	69
Language	English
Publisher	American Medical Association
Publisher Date	2012-04-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	cholinergic receptors nicotinic receptors sex characteristics gonadal steroid hormones tobacco hormones diagnostic imaging smokers tobacco smoking nicotine single photon emission computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging progesterone brain depressive disorders iodides nicotine withdrawal cigarettes
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	1200/1201 Psychiatry and Mental Health

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