NDLI: Comparative analysis of personal exposure levels induced by long-term evolution 1800 Re-farming and other RF sources in an urban environment

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Hamiti, Enver Ibrani, Mimoza Ahma, Luan Dragusha, Shpresa Halili, Rreze
Abstract	Narrowband analysis of real-life up-link (UL) and down-link (DL) trends in personal exposure to recently installed long-term evolution 1800 and other radio frequency sources in typical everyday environments is presented in this work. Results are derived by analysis and post-processing of experimental dataset consisting of 1,677,600 measurement samples, taken at a sampling frequency of 0.25 Hz. The electric field measurements were collected with calibrated personal exposure meters at 90 urban spots, including outdoor and indoor microenvironments. A robust regression from order statistics was applied, enabling the determination of more reliable mean exposure values (V/m) for each wireless and broadcast technology and microenvironment. The exposure ratio for global system for mobile communications (GSM) + long-term evolution (LTE) 1800 (UL) and GSM + LTE 1800 (down link, DL) varied between 0.004 and 0.546% in outdoor environments. The maximal electric field value for the GSM + LTE 900 (DL) was 1.77 V/m, while for GSM + LTE 1800 (DL) this value was 0.644 V/m. The cumulative distribution function of the total radio frequency exposure for the various microenvironments is presented. The research results confirm that exposure levels in an urban environment even after the LTE 1800 Re-farming deployment are far below the International Commission on Non-ionising Radiation Protection reference levels.
Starting Page	1185
Ending Page	1190
Page Count	6
ISSN	17518725
Volume Number	12
e-ISSN	17518733
Issue Number	Issue 7, Jun (2018)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-map/12/7
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-map.2017.0859
Journal	IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation
Publisher Date	2018-01-22
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Biological Effects of Microwaves Broadcast Technology Calibrated Personal Exposure Meters Cellular Radio Cumulative Distribution Function Down-link Trends Electric Field Measurement GSM Indoor Microenvironment International Commission-on-nonionising Radiation Protection Reference Levels Long Term Evolution Long-term Evolution 1800 LTE 1800 Re-farming Deployment LTE 900 Maximal Electric Field Value Mean Exposure Value Microenvironment Mobile Radio System Narrowband Analysis Order Statistics Outdoor Microenvironment Personal Exposure Levels Radiation Protection Radiation Protection And Dosimetry Radiofrequency Source Real-life Up-link Trends Regression Analysis RF Source Robust Regression Total Radio Frequency Exposure Urban Environment Wireless Technology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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