NDLI: Short-term reliability evaluation of protection systems in smart substations based on equivalent state spaces following semi-Markov process

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Li, Shenghu Hua, Yuting
Abstract	The reliability analysis of protection systems in smart substations helps to improve their designed functions, whose difficulty lies in the complex configuration with various components. To avoid the dimension disaster, the state spaces of the protection systems may be aggregated to several lumped states. When the states do not satisfy the balance criterion, it is newly found that the lumped states not following the Markov process introduce notable error to the short-term reliability. To avoid this, an equivalence algorithm based on the semi-Markov process (SMP) is newly proposed. It is derived that the residence time distributions of the lumped states are the weighted averages of the distributions of the states to be lumped. The kernel matrix of the SMP, the instantaneous probability, and its sensitivity, are derived from the transfer rates and distributions. The numerical results validate accuracy of the proposed algorithm, which shows that the traditional model underestimates the availability. It underestimates sensitivity of the time source (TS), while overestimates those of the others. The probabilities of the proposed algorithm are more sensitive to the TS, while those of the traditional model are more sensitive to the merging unit and the ethernet switch.
Starting Page	2225
Ending Page	2230
Page Count	6
ISSN	17518687
Volume Number	10
e-ISSN	17518695
Issue Number	Issue 9, Jun (2016)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-gtd/10/9
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2015.1436
Journal	IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution
Publisher Date	2016-06-09
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Equivalence Algorithm Equivalent State Space Ethernet Switch Instantaneous Probability Kernel Matrix Linear Algebra Lumped State Markov Processes Matrix Algebra Merging Unit Numerical Analysis Power System Protection Power System Reliability Probability Protection System Reliability Residence Time Distribution Semi Markov Process Short-term Reliability Evaluation Smart Substations SMP Substation Protection Substations Time Source Sensitivity Transfer Rates
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Control and Systems Engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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