NDLI: Granular load-side frequency control with electric spring aggregators and leader

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Zhang, Congchong Liu, Tao Yan, Shuo Hill, David J.
Abstract	To utilise load-side control for frequency regulation in transmission networks, the designed control schemes need to be granulated down to the subtransmission level as only aggregate loads are used on the transmission level. Moreover, due to a higher R/X ratio in subtransmission networks, the active power changes caused by frequency control will influence bus voltages. To achieve the required active power response and regulate bus voltages, a control scheme is proposed for subtransmission networks by adopting electric spring (ES) aggregators consisting of ESs and non-critical loads. To implement the dual goals, the ES voltage of each ES aggregator is decoupled into d and q components. A distributed leader-following consensus algorithm is adopted for ES aggregators to control its active power consumption by sharing information with neighbouring aggregators. The d component of the ES voltage is adjusted accordingly to provide the required active power cooperatively. To avoid the consequent voltage variation, decentralised proportional–integral (PI) control is adopted for ES aggregators to adjust the q component of the ES voltage accordingly. Simulation results show that ES aggregators manage to achieve the required coordinated active power response to regulate frequency and keep bus voltages within the acceptable region under the proposed control method.
Starting Page	1700
Ending Page	1708
Page Count	9
ISSN	17518687
Volume Number	13
e-ISSN	17518695
Issue Number	Issue 9, May (2019)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-gtd/13/9
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2018.6381
Journal	IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution
Publisher Date	2018-10-18
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	Active Power Consumption Active Power Response Control of Electric Power System Control System Analysis Control System Synthesis Decentralised Control Decentralised PI Control Decentralised Proportional–integral Control Distributed Control Distribution Network Electric Spring Aggregators Electric Spring Voltage ES Voltage Frequency Control Frequency Regulation Granular Load-side Frequency Control Leader–follower Consensus Load Regulation Load-side Control Multivariable Control System PI Control Power System Control Power Transmission Control Subtransmission Network Synthesis Method Transmission Network Voltage Control
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Control and Systems Engineering Energy Engineering and Power Technology Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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