NDLI: Energy efficient clustering and secure routing using reinforcement learning for three-dimensional mobile ad hoc networks

Content Provider	IET Digital Library
Author	Muneeswari, B. Manikandan, M. S. K.
Abstract	Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) comprises a set of wireless nodes that provide communication benefits for users without any access points or centralised control. Owing to the highly dynamic wireless nature, MANET has many challenges such as limited energy, packet loss, and security. Therefore, a special energy efficient and secure routing protocol is of great importance in MANETs. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) MANET is considered where mobile nodes are distributed and moved within 3D space. The energy consumption (EC) and throughput increases in the 3D environment compared to 2D. Initially, cell clustering is performed by node residual energy, distance, and mobility in which a cumulative fitness value is computed using the firefly algorithm (firefly with cyclic randomisation algorithm). Then introduced a novel routing scheme referred to as two-hop relay selection by multi-metric based reinforcement learning algorithm. Multi-metric considered for routing is the following: node delay, node distance, node stability, node mobility, and node degree. Before transmission, data packets are encrypted based on the robust cipher watermarking scheme (watermark generation, embedding, and extraction). An extensive simulation is conducted using NS3.26 under a 3D environment in terms of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, routing packet overhead, EC, and security strength.
Starting Page	1828
Ending Page	1839
Page Count	12
ISSN	17518628
Volume Number	13
e-ISSN	17518636
Issue Number	Issue 12, Jul (2019)
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/iet-com/13/12
Alternate Webpage(s)	https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/iet-com.2018.6150
Journal	IET Communications
Publisher Date	2019-04-25
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Subject Keyword	3D Space Access Points Battlefield Communication Cell Clustering Centralised Control Communication Network Design, Planning And Routing Cryptography Cumulative Fitness Value Cyclic Randomisation Algorithm Data Packets Data Security Energy Conservation Energy Consumption Energy Efficient Clustering Energy Efficient Protocol Firefly Algorithm Information Exchange Knowledge Engineering Technique Learning in AI Mobile Ad Hoc Network Mobile Node Mobile Radio System Multimetric Based Reinforcement Learning Algorithm Network Simulator Version 3 Node Degree Node Delay Node Distance Node Mobility Node Stability Optimisation Optimisation Technique Packet Delivery Ratio Packet Loss Pattern Clustering Power Consumption Protocol Residual Energy Robust Cipher Watermarking Scheme Routing Packet Routing Protocol Routing Scheme Secure Routing Protocol Security Strength Self-organise Communication Network Telecommunication Power Management Telecommunication Security Three-dimensional MANET Wireless Node
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electrical and Electronic Engineering Computer Science Applications

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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