NDLI: Random walk in extreme conditions - an agent based simulation of suicide bombing

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Usmani, Z. Imana, E.Y. Kirk, D.
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: Department of Aerospace and Mech. Eng., Florida Institute of Technology, USA (Kirk, D.) \|\| Department of Computer Science, Florida Institute of Technology, USA (Usmani, Z.) \|\| Department of Electrical Eng., Florida Institute of Technology, USA (Imana, E.Y.)
Abstract	This paper presents a Monte-Carlo simulation tool based on stationary multi-agent system. The agents are constrained by physical characteristics and mechanics of blast waves. The proposed tool examines the impact of blast waves in an event of suicide bombing on human body. The tool is capable of assessing the impact of crowd formation patterns and their densities on the magnitude of injury and number of casualties during a suicide bombing attack. While various attempts have been made to assess the impact of blast waves and its overpressure on buildings and animals, little has been done on crowd formation, crowd density and underlying geometry to mitigate the effects. Results indicated that the worst crowd formation is street (Zig-Zag) where 30% crowd can be dead and 45% can be injured, given typical explosive carrying capacity of a single suicide bomber. Row wise crowd formations was found to be the best for reducing the effectiveness of an attack with 18% crowd in lethal zone and 38% in injury zones. For a typical suicide bombing attack, we can reduce the number of fatalities by 12%, and the number of injuries by 7%. The simulation results were compared and validated by the real-life incidents and found to be in good agreement. Line-of-sight with the attacker, rushing towards the exit, and stampede were found to be the most lethal choices both during and after the attack. These findings, although preliminary, may have implications for emergency response and counter terrorism.
Starting Page	114
Ending Page	121
File Size	636252
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424427673
DOI	10.1109/IA.2009.4927508
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-03-30
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Computer science Kirk field collapse effect Multiagent systems Animals Terrorism Computational modeling Computer simulation Humans Explosives Injuries
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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