NDLI: As the net churns: Fast-flux botnet observations

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Nazario, J. Holz, T.
Copyright Year	2008
Description	Author affiliation: Univ. of Mannheim, Mannheim (Holz, T.)
Abstract	While botnets themselves provide a rich platform for financial gain for the botnet master, the use of the infected hosts as webservers can provide an additional botnet use. Botnet herders often use fast-flux DNS techniques to host unwanted or illegal content within a botnet. These techniques change the mapping of the domain name to different bots within the botnet with constant shifting, while the bots simply relay content back to a central server. This can give the attackers additional stepping stones to thwart takedown and can obscure their true origins. Evidence suggests that more attackers are adopting fast-flux techniques, but very little data has been gathered to discover what these botnets are being used for. To address this gap in understanding, we have been mining live traffic to discover new fast-flux domains and then tracking those botnets with active measurements for several months. We identified over 900 fast-flux domain names from early to mid 2008 and monitored their use across the Internet to discern fast-flux botnet behaviors. We found that the active lifetimes of fast-flux botnets vary from less than one day to months, domains that are used in fast-flux operations are often registered but dormant for months prior to activation, that these botnets are associated with a broad range of online fraud and crime activities, and that we can identify distinct botnets across multiple domain names. We support our findings through an in-depth examination of an Internet-scale data continuously collected for hundreds of domain names over several months.
Starting Page	24
Ending Page	31
File Size	132669
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424432882
DOI	10.1109/MALWARE.2008.4690854
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-10-07
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Availability Access protocols Bandwidth Turning Knowledge management Internet IP networks Relays Monitoring Network address translation
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

The availability of fast-flux service networks

An Analysis of the Asprox Botnet

P2P Botnet Detection through Malicious Fast Flux Network Identification

Handover-aware SIP-based VoIP provided by a Roaming-Enabled Architecture (REACH)

Peer-to-Peer Interconnection of Home Networks

A fast IP lookup scheme for longest-matching prefix

Modular components for network address translation

Interaction of firewalls and network address translators with internet applications

An application of network address translation on gateway

As the net churns: Fast-flux botnet observations

Similar Documents

The availability of fast-flux service networks

An Analysis of the Asprox Botnet

P2P Botnet Detection through Malicious Fast Flux Network Identification

Handover-aware SIP-based VoIP provided by a Roaming-Enabled Architecture (REACH)

Peer-to-Peer Interconnection of Home Networks

A fast IP lookup scheme for longest-matching prefix

Modular components for network address translation

Interaction of firewalls and network address translators with internet applications

An application of network address translation on gateway

As the net churns: Fast-flux botnet observations