NDLI: A System for Recognizing Online Handwritten Mathematical Expressions and Improvement of Structure Analysis

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Anh Duc Le Van Phan, T. Nakagawa, M.
Copyright Year	2014
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Agric. & Technol., Tokyo, Japan (Anh Duc Le; Van Phan, T.; Nakagawa, M.)
Abstract	This paper presents a system for recognizing online handwritten mathematical expressions (MEs) and improvement of structure analysis. We represent MEs in Context Free Grammars (CFGs) and employ the Cocke-Younger-Kasami (CYK) algorithm to parse 2D structure of on-line handwritten MEs and select the best interpretation in terms of symbol segmentation, recognition and structure analysis. We propose a method to learn structural relations from training patterns without any heuristic decisions by using two SVM models. We employ stroke order to reduce the complexity of the parsing algorithm. Moreover, we revise structure analysis. Even though CFG does not resolve ambiguities in some cases, our method still gives users a list of candidates that contain expecting result. We evaluate our method in the CROHME 2013 database and demonstrate the improvement of our system in recognition rate as well as processing time.
Sponsorship	Google
Starting Page	51
Ending Page	55
File Size	208465
Page Count	5
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781479932443
DOI	10.1109/DAS.2014.52
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2014-04-07
Publisher Place	France
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Support vector machines Training Handwriting recognition CYK parsing algorithm online recognition Hidden Markov models 2D Context Free Grammar Production Grammar Character recognition handwritten mathematical expressions
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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