NDLI: Natural Language Watermarking for Korean Using Adverbial Displacement

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Mi-Young Kim
Copyright Year	2008
Description	Author affiliation: Sch. of Comput. Sci. & Eng., Sungshin Women's Univ., Seoul (Mi-Young Kim)
Abstract	This paper explores the method for Korean text watermarking and develops a syntactic tree-based adverbial displacement scheme. Korean, as an agglutinative language, provides a good ground for the syntactic tree-based natural language watermarking because syntactic constituent order is relatively free -especially syntactic adverbial. Our proposed natural language watermarking method consists of six procedures. First, we construct a syntactic dependency tree of unmarked text. Next, we perform clausal segmentation from the syntactic tree. Third, we choose a target adverbial constituent, which will be displaced within its clause. Then, we embed a watermark bit. Fifth, if the watermark bit does not coincide with the direction of the target adverbial displacement, we displace the target adverbial constituent in the syntactic tree. Finally, from the modified syntactic tree, we obtain a marked text. From the experimental results, we show that the coverage of our method outperforms that of previous systems, and the rate of unnatural sentences of marked text is better than that of previous systems. Experimental results also show that the marked text keeps the same style, and it also has the same information without semantic distortion.
Starting Page	576
Ending Page	581
File Size	244677
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9780769531342
DOI	10.1109/MUE.2008.79
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-04-24
Publisher Place	South Korea
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Computer science watermarking text security Natural languages Information security Authentication Watermarking Natural language processing Distributed power generation natural language syntactic tree
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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