NDLI: A Gray Scale Watermarking Algorithm Based on LU Factorization

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Wang, S. Zhao, W. Wang, Z.
Copyright Year	2008
Description	Author affiliation: Comput. Acad., Xuzhou Normal Univ., Xuzhou (Wang, S.)
Abstract	LU Factorization is a triangular decomposition approach of non-singular matrix, and the digital image can be seen as a matrix. Based on the characteristics of the LU Factorization, this paper presents a novel robust watermarking algorithm in wavelet domain of digital image. Firstly, the original image will be transformed into wavelet domain by DWT, and the level of which is decided by the volume of watermark information. Next to do is computing the variances of the last details, and select detail matrix information whose variance is the max one among details. Then it will be preprocessed, if the image matrix is singular matrix, it will be converted into a non-singular matrix by permutation matrix which can be as a key; Secondly, the preprocessed image is decomposed into two triangular matrices including the upper one and the lower one with 1's on the main diagonal, and which have good distribution; Finally, the scrambled meaningful watermark is embedded into the non-zero pixels of two triangular matrixes adaptively. The experimental results show that the algorithm is simple, with better robustness and security.
Starting Page	598
Ending Page	602
File Size	433047
Page Count	5
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9780769531519
DOI	10.1109/ISIP.2008.149
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-05-23
Publisher Place	Russia
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Wavelet domain Image converters Digital images Watermarking Robustness Discrete wavelet transforms Matrix decomposition Security Matrix converters Pixel
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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