NDLI: Antenna geometry optimization for 2D direction-of-arrival estimation for radar imaging

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Lange, O. Bin Yang
Copyright Year	2011
Description	Author affiliation: Universität Stuttgart, Chair of System Theory and Signal Processing, Pfaffenwaldring 47, D-70550, Germany (Bin Yang) \|\| Robert Bosch GmbH, Corporate Sector Research and Advance Engineering, Robert-Bosch-Straße 200, D-31139 Hildesheim, Germany (Lange, O.)
Abstract	This paper focuses on the optimization of the 2D geometry of sensor arrays for 2D direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. Such arrays can be used for radar imaging purposes. Due to the optimization, the number of array channels can be kept quite small, which reduces hardware costs, while highly accurate DOA estimation accuracy can be achieved. Therefore, we derive a very simple expression of the 2D Cramér-Rao bound (CRB). By minimizing the geometry dependent part of the CRB, we can reduce the fine error variance of DOA estimation. In addition, we define a modified beampattern for the single source case, which is valid for all physically possible DOA's. By varying its side lobe level, the probability of DOA outliers can be controlled. Furthermore, external conditions such as the range of possible DOA's and the DOA region of interest are also included in the optimization process to adjust the array to external requirements. By this means, optimum (single source) 2D DOA estimation performance can be achieved for a specific problem. As optimization algorithm, we use an evolution strategy. To show the improvement in DOA estimation accuracy of the optimized arrays, simulation results are presented and compared to standard 1D and 2D array geometries. For empirical validation, we have developed a 77 GHz prototype radar sensor with 16 RX channels. The optimized 2D array geometry is realized with microstrip patches. To estimate the distance and the relative velocity of targets, we apply frequency modulated continuous wave signal processing. In order to show the functionality of this radar imaging sensor, we present some measurement results.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	8
File Size	1828976
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781612840758
e-ISBN	9781612840741
e-ISBN	9781612840734
DOI	10.1109/WSA.2011.5741909
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2011-02-24
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Geometry Array signal processing optimization Estimation Planar arrays radar imaging direction-of-arrival estimation Direction of arrival estimation Optimization Cramér-Rao bound Sensor arrays Signal to noise ratio
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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