NDLI: Scene variability and perception constancy in the visual system: a model of pre-processing before data analysis and learning

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Herault, J. Guyader, N. Guerin-Dugue, A.
Copyright Year	2009
Description	Author affiliation: GIPSA-lab, Institut National Polytechnique of Grenoble, France (Herault, J.; Guyader, N.; Guerin-Dugue, A.)
Abstract	Hell in data analysis is paved (at least) with variability and noise. Is there some lost garden of Eden? Is there some way to approach it? In this paper, we deal with the human visual perception and we show how our visual system manages to process visual information in such a highly efficient way that it is able to categorize images or scenes within ranges of 100–150 ms independently of variability and noise. In fact, before high-level recognition task, the visual system unfolds a series of pre-processing stages to reduce all the variability that disturbed an image : • In the retina: a first adaptative process to global and local illuminant intensity and color, and a second to local contrasts preprocess the visual signal to bring equal quantity of information on the whole image. The retina spatio-temporal filter whitens the image spectra so that all the spatial frequencies are equally represented. • In the primary visual cortex: a bank of cortical like filters decomposes the power frequency spectrum of the visual signal; this is equivalent to estimate the local power frequency spectrum, which is relatively insensitive to image translations. Moreover such decomposition offers a log polar representation of the power spectrum, which can be useful to resolve zoom and rotation variability and also to estimate local perspective. • In the cortical area V4, a further Fourier Transform of the log-polar spectrum provides insensitivity to zooms and rotations, as well as to perspective transformations. In this research, an image is represented by means of a highdimensional vector: first this image is preprocessed by the retina, then, the power spectrum of the preprocessed image is decomposed by a bank of filters and the energy output of each filter is considered. Taking advantages of all the processing stages, data variability can be expected to be optimally reduced for comparison purposes and or for categorization tasks.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	12
File Size	13027470
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424449477
ISSN	15512541
DOI	10.1109/MLSP.2009.5306254
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2009-09-01
Publisher Place	France
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Layout Visual system Data analysis Filters Frequency estimation Retina Humans Visual perception Image recognition Colored noise
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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