NDLI: Automatic analysis and recognition of brow actions and head motion in spontaneous facial behavior

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Cohn, J.F. Reed, L.I. Ambadar, Z. Jing Xiao Moriyama, T.
Copyright Year	2004
Description	Author affiliation: Pittsburgh Univ., PA, USA (Cohn, J.F.; Reed, L.I.; Ambadar, Z.)
Abstract	Previous efforts in automatic facial expression recognition have been limited to posed facial behavior under well-controlled conditions (e.g., frontal pose and minimal out-of-plane head motion). The CMU/Pitt automated facial image analysis system (AFA) accommodates varied pose, moderate out-of-plane head motion, and occlusion. AFA was tested in video of two-person interviews originally collected to answer substantive questions in psychology, and represent a substantial challenge to automatic recognition of facial expression. This report focuses on two action units, brow raising and brow lowering because of their importance to emotion expression and paralinguistic communication. For two-state recognition, AFA achieved 89% accuracy. For three-state recognition (brow raising, brow lowering, and no brow action), accuracy was 76%. Brow and head motion were temporally coordinated. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of action unit recognition in spontaneous facial behavior.
Starting Page	610
Ending Page	616
File Size	565806
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780385667
ISSN	1062922X
DOI	10.1109/ICSMC.2004.1398367
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2004-10-10
Publisher Place	Netherlands
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Face recognition Motion analysis Head Image motion analysis Gold Robot kinematics Human robot interaction Robotics and automation Emotion recognition Automatic control
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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