NDLI: Birds, substations, and transmission

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Frazier, S.D.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Birds have the dubious honor of causing more power system outages than any other animal. In addition to directly causing outages by wingtip contacts or nesting activities, they are indirectly responsible for many other animal-caused outages. Not only have birds been a problem since the first power systems were built, but many utilities have had little or no success in devising mitigating measures. Partly, this is due to a tendency to focus on the engineering side of the problem to the exclusion of the "bird" side of the problem. in other words, utilities tend to repair or replace damaged equipment with little or no idea of why the birds were there in the first place or what the probability of a re-occurrence might be. Without an adequate understanding of basic bird behavior, utilities may end up installing deterrents or protective devices that are neither the most effective nor the most appropriate. This paper briefly analyses the type of bird behaviour that causes problems in substations and transmission. The main problems are nesting birds, roosting birds, and large birds. Bird deterrents and equipment protection are also discussed in this paper.
Starting Page	355
Ending Page	358
File Size	528471
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780366727
DOI	10.1109/PESW.2001.917061
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2001-01-28
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Birds Substations Contamination Power system management Animals Power system protection Sleep Energy management Project management Electromagnetic compatibility
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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