NDLI: Error spreading: reducing bursty errors in continuous media streaming

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ngo, H.Q. Varadarajan, S. Srivastava, J.
Copyright Year	1999
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Comput. Sci., Minnesota Univ., Minneapolis, MN, USA (Ngo, H.Q.)
Abstract	With the growing popularity of the Internet, there is increasing interest in using it for audio and video transmission. Periodic network overloads, leading to bursty packet losses, have always been a key problem for network researchers. In a long-haul, heterogeneous network like the Internet, handling such an error becomes especially difficult. Perceptual studies of audio and video viewing have shown that bursty losses have the most annoying effect on people, and hence are critical issues to be addressed for applications such as Internet phone, video conferencing, distance learning, etc. Classical error handling techniques have focused on applications like FTP, and are geared towards ensuring that the transmission is correct, with no attention to timeliness. For isochronous traffic like audio and video, timeliness is a key criterion, and given the high degree of content redundancy, some loss of content is quite acceptable. We introduce the concept of error spreading, which is a transformation technique that takes the input sequence of packets (from an audio or video stream) and scrambles its packets before transmission. The packets are unscrambled at the receiving end. The transformation is designed to ensure that bursty losses in the transformed domain get spread all over the sequence in the original domain. Perceptual studies have shown that users are much more tolerant of a uniformly distributed loss of low magnitude. We next describe a continuous media transmission protocol based on this idea, and validate its performance through an experiment performed on the Internet.
Starting Page	314
Ending Page	319
File Size	625099
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0769502539
DOI	10.1109/MMCS.1999.779223
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1999-06-07
Publisher Place	Italy
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Streaming media Internet Videoconference Computer errors Error correction Protocols Multimedia systems Feedback Computer science Electronic mail
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Error spreading: a perception-driven approach to handling error in continuous media streaming

Live media synchronization quality of a retransmission-based error recovery scheme

Error spreading: a perception-driven approach to handling error in continuous media streaming

SPLIT: A priority based TCP-friendly video protocol

The anonymity service architecture

Application level error recovery using active network nodes

Network Coding With Interleaving

Some characteristics of bursty packet loss in M/G/1/K queues

Augmented video conferencing

Error spreading: reducing bursty errors in continuous media streaming

Similar Documents

Error spreading: a perception-driven approach to handling error in continuous media streaming

Live media synchronization quality of a retransmission-based error recovery scheme

Error spreading: a perception-driven approach to handling error in continuous media streaming

SPLIT: A priority based TCP-friendly video protocol

The anonymity service architecture

Application level error recovery using active network nodes

Network Coding With Interleaving

Some characteristics of bursty packet loss in M/G/1/K queues

Augmented video conferencing

Error spreading: reducing bursty errors in continuous media streaming