NDLI: Optical network security: technical analysis of fiber tapping mechanisms and methods for detection & prevention

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Shaneman, K. Gray, S.
Copyright Year	2004
Description	Author affiliation: Corning Inc., NY, USA (Shaneman, K.; Gray, S.)
Abstract	Increasing emphasis on reliable data transmission for homeland security and network-centric operations makes secure communications a critical component of national security. While fiber optic cables are immune to typical EMI/RFI issues, it is possible to intercept an optical signal successfully if risk areas are not understood and if detection and/or prevention mechanisms are not actively integrated into network management practices. There are several ways to 'tap' into an optical fiber, including fiber bending, splitting, evanescent coupling, scattering, and V-grooves. Many of these techniques require altering the physical characteristics of the fiber with a significant risk of damaging the fiber and having the optical intercept detected by the end user. Of all the techniques, the bent fiber tap is the most easily deployed with minimal risk of damage or detection. The paper quantifies the bend loss required to tap a signal propagating in a single mode fiber and analyzes the properties of the bend that could be used to detect that a tap is occurring. Understanding the mechanisms used for fiber tapping provides greater insight into ways of actively detecting unauthorized optical intercepts or compromised network security. Enhanced monitoring techniques enable the detection and localization of fiber taps. Monitoring techniques are reviewed with detailed analysis of each method's effectiveness in detecting bent fiber taps and their cost-effectiveness for integration into optical networks.
Starting Page	711
Ending Page	716
File Size	1234561
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	078038847X
DOI	10.1109/MILCOM.2004.1494884
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2004-10-31
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Optical fiber networks Optical scattering Optical fibers Optical surface waves National security Optical fiber cables Optical detectors Monitoring Data security Optical fiber communication
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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