NDLI: Flammable vapor ignition initiated by hot rotor surfaces within an induction motor-reality or not?

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Hamer, P.S. Wood, B.M. Doughty, R.L. Gravell, R.L. Hasty, R.C. Wallace, S.E. Tsao, J.P.
Copyright Year	1997
Description	Author affiliation: Chevron Res. & Technol. Co., Richmond, CA, USA (Hamer, P.S.)
Abstract	Work by the IEEE P1349 Working Group (Motors in Hazardous Locations), which is working on a "recommended practice" for application of motors in Class I, Division 2 areas, has questioned if the rotor of an induction motor becomes too hot for safe application in a classified area. API Publication 2216, Ignition Risk of Hydrocarbon Vapors by Hot Surfaces in the Open Air, concludes that ignition of vapors on hot surfaces in open air requires temperatures well above (at least 200/spl deg/C) the laboratory-determined (ASTM E 659) minimum ignition temperature of the material involved. This paper tests the validity of the API Publication's premise as applied to hot surfaces within an induction motor. Several motors of various sizes are instrumented with thermocouples, a flammable concentration of a material of low autoignition temperature (e.g., diethyl ether, n-hexane, n-heptane, or tetrafluoroethylene) is introduced to the motor interior, and the motors are subjected to a series of short-duration locked-rotor tests where the rotor surface temperature is brought, in defined increasing steps, above the material's listed autoignition temperature. The temperatures at which ignition occurred are reported. These tests are intended to simulate the condition of a fully-loaded motor being suddenly stopped in an atmosphere of flammable gas or vapor, such as during an emergency shutdown of a processing unit during a release. Other tests were conducted on running motors at overload to heat the rotor well above normal operating temperature to simulate somewhat abnormal operating conditions.
Starting Page	37
Ending Page	47
File Size	1256848
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780342178
ISSN	00903507
DOI	10.1109/PCICON.1997.648165
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	1997-09-15
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Flammability Ignition Temperature Rotors Induction motors Testing Atmospheric modeling Hydrocarbons Laboratories Instruments
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Fuel Technology Energy Engineering and Power Technology

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