NDLI: The Orchard Algorithm: P2P Multicasting without Free-Riding

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Mol, J.J.D. Epema, D.H.J. Sips, H.J.
Copyright Year	2006
Description	Author affiliation: Delft Univ. of Technol. (Mol, J.J.D.; Epema, D.H.J.; Sips, H.J.)
Abstract	The main purpose of many current peer-to-peer (P2P) networks is off-line file sharing. However, a potentially very promising use of such networks is to share video streams (e.g., TV programs) in real time. In order to do so, the peers in a P2P network who are interested in the same video stream may employ application level multicasting (ALM). In existing P2P networks, peers may exhibit behaviour which is problematic for ALM: peers tend not to donate any resources (free-riding), and they arrive and depart at a high rate (churn). In this paper we propose the orchard algorithm for ALM of video streams in P2P systems, which deal with both these problems. By employing a technique called multiple description coding, we split a video stream into several substreams. Orchard creates a dynamic spanning tree for each of these substreams in such a way that in the re suiting forest, no peer has to forward more substreams than it receives. Our experiments show that orchard is capable of providing a good quality of service to every peer, even when peers join and leave the forest at a high rate
Sponsorship	CPS
Starting Page	275
Ending Page	282
File Size	246924
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0769526799
DOI	10.1109/P2P.2006.45
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2006-09-06
Publisher Place	UK
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Multicast algorithms Peer to peer computing Streaming media Video sharing TV Bandwidth Quality of service IP networks Internet Protocols
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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