NDLI: Assessing the ecological risk of creating artificial reefs from ex-warships

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Johnston, R.K. Halkola, H. George, R. In, C. Gauthier, R. Wild, W. Bell, M. Martore, R.
Copyright Year	2003
Description	Author affiliation: Space & Naval Warfare Syst., San Diego, CA, USA (Johnston, R.K.; Halkola, H.; George, R.; In, C.; Gauthier, R.; Wild, W.)
Abstract	Inactive warships would make excellent artificial reefs in coastal waters if preliminary data suggesting that they pose no threat to human health or the environment from contamination can be confirmed. A screening level ecorisk assessment was conducted on data from artificial reefs composed of ex-warships located off the coast of South Carolina to assess the potential risk of contamination from sunken warships. Contaminants of concern (COCs) can enter the system from releases from the sunken vessel or inputs from coastal waters. The assessment endpoints were the reef community and organisms that may frequent and forage on the reef. Primary exposure can occur to the reef community, which is composed of demersal fishes, epibenthic and benthic invertebrates, and primary producers and zooplank-ton. Indirect exposure can occur through bioaccumulation in the food chain to avian omnivores, avian piscivores, and marine mammals. Benchmarks were developed for water, sediment, tissue residue, and dietary exposures. Estimates of exposure associated with ex-warship reefs were compared to estimates of exposure associated with (ii) other artificial reefs, (iii) natural reefs, and (iv) regional background and compared to the appropriate ecological effects benchmarks.
Sponsorship	Dept. of the Navy Sci. and Technol. Coalition for Enhanced Marine Resources Orincon Ceros Harbour Offshore Inc
Starting Page	804
Ending Page	811
File Size	856311
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0933957300
DOI	10.1109/OCEANS.2003.178419
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2003-09-22
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	MTS
Subject Keyword	Marine animals Marine vehicles Sea measurements Water pollution Humans Contamination Protection Pollution measurement Organisms Environmental economics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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