NDLI: A spatial and DCT-domain composite watermarking of three-dimensional triangle meshes

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ahourian, M. Zhu, J. Jeorr, J.
Copyright Year	2004
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Syst. & Comput. Eng., Carleton Univ., Ottawa, Ont., Canada (Ahourian, M.; Zhu, J.)
Abstract	We propose a new scheme for digital watermarking of three-dimensional (3-D) triangle meshes. In order to insert and extract watermark signals, we generate triangle strips by traversing the 3-D mesh model. We split the strips into two groups. For the first groups we embed the watermark signal into vertex positions of the 3-D model in the DCT domain, and for the second group, we embed the watermark in the vertex positions in the spherical coordinates. In both cases, we apply masking operation for the watermark signal according to the variation of the host data along the traversed strips so that we can change the embedding strength adaptively, and reduce the visibility distortion of the data embedding. We test robustness of the watermarking scheme by embedding a random binary sequence and applying different attacks, such as additive random noise, compression by MPEG-4 SNHC, and affine transform.
Starting Page	189
Ending Page	194
File Size	313110
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780388178
DOI	10.1109/HAVE.2004.1391904
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2004-10-02
Publisher Place	Canada
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Watermarking Strips Additive noise Mesh generation Signal generators Discrete cosine transforms Distortion Testing Noise robustness Binary sequences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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