NDLI: On inferring autonomous system relationships in the Internet

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Lixin Gao
Copyright Year	2000
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Massachusetts Univ., Amherst, MA, USA (Lixin Gao)
Abstract	Interdomain routing in the Internet is coordinated by the border gateway protocol (BGP). BGP allows each autonomous system (AS) to choose its own policy in selecting routes and propagating reachability information to others. These routing policies are constrained by the contractual commercial agreements between administrative domains. Such policies imply that connectivity alone can not fully characterize the structural properties of the Internet. We propose an augmented AS graph representation that classifies AS relationships into customer-to-provider, peer-to-peer, and sibling to-sibling relationships. We classify the types of routes that can appear in BGP routing tables based on the relationships between the ASs in the path and present heuristic algorithms that infer AS relationships from BGP routing tables. The algorithms are tested on publicly available BGP routing tables that contains dose to 1 million route entries. The algorithms infer that more than 90.5% of the connected AS pairs have customer-to-provider relationships, less than 1.5% of the connected AS pairs have sibling-to-sibling relationships, and less than 8% of the connected AS pairs have peer-to-peer relationships. We verify our inference results with AT&T internal information on its relationship with neighboring ASs. 99% of our inference results are confirmed by the AT&T internal information. We also verify our inferred sibling-to-sibling relationships with the information acquired from the WHOIS lookup service. More than half of our inferred sibling-to-sibling relationships are confirmed by the WHOIS lookup service. To the best of our knowledge this is the first attempt in understanding and inferring AS relationships in the Internet. We show evidence that some routing table entries stem from unusual AS relationships or router misconfiguration.
Starting Page	387
Ending Page	396
File Size	1163096
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780364511
DOI	10.1109/GLOCOM.2000.892035
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2000-11-27
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Routing protocols Web and internet services Inference algorithms Intelligent networks IP networks Peer to peer computing Heuristic algorithms Testing Commercialization Educational institutions
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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